Database

1. A database is an organized collection of data, typically stored and accessed electronically from a computer system. It is designed to allow for efficient data retrieval, storage, and manipulation. Databases are commonly used in applications such as websites, mobile apps, and enterprise systems to store and manage structured information. They provide a structured way to store, organize, update, and retrieve data, allowing users to perform complex queries and analysis. Different types of databases exist, including relational databases, NoSQL databases, and cloud databases, each with their unique features and use cases. Overall, databases play a crucial role in modern computing by enabling the efficient and secure management of data.

What is normalization in databases?

A) Organizing data in a database to reduce redundancy.
B) Deleting old data.
C) Adding extra data to improve accuracy.
D) Creating duplicate records.

2. What is ACID in database transactions?

A) Aggregate, Consistency, Isolation, Duration.
B) Asset, Consistency, Independence, Durability.
C) Atomicity, Convergent, Isolation, Dispersion.
D) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability.

3. What is a database index used for?

A) Improving the speed of data retrieval operations.
B) Encrypting data.
C) Adding security to the database.
D) Deleting records.

4. What does CRUD stand for in database operations?

A) Copy, Remove, Use, Delete.
B) Create, Refresh, Undo, Dump.
C) Create, Read, Update, Delete.
D) Calculate, Rank, Update, Delete.

5. What is a database trigger?

A) An error message.
B) A security warning.
C) A type of encryption.
D) Automated response to a specific event in a database.

6. In a relational database, what is a join?

A) Changing the primary key.
B) Combining rows from two or more tables based on a related column.
C) Separating data into different tables.
D) Deleting duplicate records.

7. What does DBMS stand for?

A) Dynamic Business Model Software.
B) Data Backup and Migration Service.
C) Digital Banking Management System.
D) Database Management System.

8. What is the purpose of an ETL process in databases?

A) Establish Table Licensing.
B) Encrypt, Transmit, Log data.
C) Enable Table Linking.
D) Extract, Transform, Load data from various sources into a data warehouse.

9. What is a database constraint?

A) A physical database backup.
B) A database user's access level.
C) Rules that define acceptable values or conditions for data in the database.
D) A report produced by the database.

10. What is a database index?

A) A report generation tool.
B) A type of database model.
C) A data structure that improves the speed of data retrieval operations on a database table.
D) A file containing all database records.

11. What is the purpose of a database administrator (DBA)?

A) To develop database applications.
B) To manage and maintain the database system.
C) To design the physical database schema.
D) To delete data from the database.

12. What is a query in a database?

A) A request for data or information from a database table.
B) A type of database model.
C) A database replication process.
D) A database error.

13. What is the purpose of data modeling in databases?

A) To make data unavailable for querying.
B) To slow down data retrieval.
C) To encrypt all data.
D) To create a visual representation of the database structure.

14. In a relational database, what is a foreign key constraint?

A) A key that allows duplicate values.
B) An extra security measure.
C) A rule that ensures the referential integrity of the data.
D) A key that cannot be changed.

15. What does SQL stand for?

A) Structured Query Language
B) Series Query Language
C) Structured Query Logic
D) Sequential Query Language

16. Which of the following is a NoSQL database system?

A) SQLite
B) MySQL
C) Oracle Database
D) MongoDB

17. What is the process of organizing data into a series of tables related by common fields known as?

A) Indexing
B) Normalization
C) Optimization
D) Denormalization

18. Which SQL keyword is used to filter records based on a condition?

A) WHERE
B) SELECT
C) FROM
D) ORDER BY

19. Which database management system is known for being open-source and developed by Oracle?

A) PostgreSQL
B) DB2
C) SQL Server
D) MySQL

20. Which type of join in SQL returns all rows from both tables, joining records where available?

A) Cross Join
B) Full Outer Join
C) Inner Join
D) Left Join

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