- 1. Educational psychology is a branch of psychology that is dedicated to understanding how people learn and how different teaching methods can be used to improve learning outcomes. It explores concepts such as motivation, memory, cognitive development, and problem-solving skills to help educators create effective learning environments. Educational psychologists also study the social and emotional factors that influence learning, such as student-teacher relationships, classroom management, and the impact of peer interactions. By applying psychological theories and research findings to educational settings, educational psychologists strive to enhance teaching practices and support the academic success and overall well-being of students.
Which is an example of intrinsic motivation in a classroom setting?
A) A student being praised by the teacher
B) A student wanting to impress their parents
C) A student completing a project out of personal interest
D) A student getting a reward for good behavior
- 2. What is the zone of proximal development according to Vygotsky?
A) The practice of zoning schools based on development levels
B) The area of the brain responsible for learning
C) A popular educational theory in the 19th century
D) The difference between what a learner can do with help and without help
- 3. In behaviorism, what is reinforcement intended to do?
A) Increase the likelihood of a behavior being repeated
B) Punish undesired behaviors
C) Encourage cognitive challenges
D) Challenge students to think critically
- 4. Which theorist is known for the stages of moral development?
A) Lawrence Kohlberg
B) Lev Vygotsky
C) Albert Bandura
D) Jean Piaget
- 5. What is the term for adjusting the difficulty of a task to match the individual's abilities?
A) Zoning
B) Alignment
C) Scaffolding
D) Differentiation
- 6. Which cognitive process involves categorizing information by identifying common features?
A) Decision-making
B) Problem-solving
C) Concept formation
D) Memory storage
- 7. What is the term for the ability to understand and regulate one's own emotions?
A) Intellectual superiority
B) Emotional intelligence
C) Behavioral therapy
D) Cognitive development
- 8. What is the primary goal of student-centered learning approaches?
A) Encourage passive learning through lectures
B) Prioritize strict assessment standards
C) To empower students to take ownership of their learning process
D) Facilitate teacher control over the classroom
- 9. According to the Information Processing Model, what role does attention play in memory?
A) Retrieving lost memories
B) Accessing memories when needed
C) Storing information long-term
D) Determining what information is processed into memory
- 10. Which theory emphasizes the importance of observational learning and social behavior?
A) Social Learning Theory
B) Classical Conditioning
C) Operant Conditioning
D) Cognitive Load Theory
- 11. What is the term for the understanding that something continues to exist even when it cannot be seen?
A) Egocentrism
B) Conservation
C) Theory of mind
D) Object permanence
- 12. What term is used to describe the gap between what students already know and what they can learn with support?
A) Cognitive dissonance
B) Learning plateau
C) Critical period
D) Zone of proximal development
- 13. Which concept refers to a person’s belief in their capability to perform a specific task or reach a goal?
A) Self-fulfilling prophecy
B) Self-regulation
C) Self-actualization
D) Self-efficacy
- 14. What is the term for using multiple senses to enhance memory?
A) Multisensory learning
B) Monomodal learning
C) Selective attention
D) Sensory overload
- 15. Which type of reasoning involves solving problems by searching for relevant information?
A) Deductive reasoning
B) Inductive reasoning
C) Heuristic reasoning
D) Analogical reasoning
- 16. What is the purpose of formative assessment in the classroom?
A) To assess students at the end of the semester
B) To rank students based on performance
C) To assign final grades
D) To provide feedback and monitor student progress
- 17. Which learning theory suggests that learning is an active process of creating meaning from experience?
A) Humanism
B) Constructivism
C) Behaviorism
D) Cognitivism
- 18. What does the term 'cognitive load' refer to in educational psychology?
A) The weight of textbooks carried by students
B) The size of the school building
C) The number of students in a classroom
D) The mental effort required to process information
- 19. At what stage of cognitive development do children understand the conservation of volume?
A) Sensorimotor stage
B) Formal operational stage
C) Concrete operational stage
D) Preoperational stage
- 20. What is the role of schemas in cognitive development according to Piaget?
A) External rewards that motivate behavior
B) Factors that impede learning
C) Mental structures that help organize knowledge
D) Mechanisms for storing short-term memories
- 21. What is the theory that suggests individuals have different preferred learning styles?
A) Zone of Proximal Development Theory
B) Social Learning Theory
C) Multiple Intelligences Theory
D) Schema Theory
- 22. Who is known for his theory of multiple intelligences?
A) B.F. Skinner
B) Erik Erikson
C) Jean Piaget
D) Howard Gardner
- 23. In behaviorism, what is the process of learning through reinforcement or punishment?
A) Cognitive Dissonance
B) Metacognition
C) Operant Conditioning
D) Social Learning
- 24. Who is best known for his theory of classical conditioning?
A) Ivan Pavlov
B) Jean Piaget
C) Edward Thorndike
D) Erik Erikson
- 25. According to Erik Erikson, what is the stage during which adolescents try to find a sense of self and personal identity?
A) Identity vs. Role Confusion
B) Industry vs. Inferiority
C) Intimacy vs. Isolation
D) Generativity vs. Stagnation
- 26. Who is recognized for his contributions to social constructivism and the concept of the zone of proximal development?
A) Lev Vygotsky
B) Edward Lee Thorndike
C) Albert Bandura
D) John Dewey
- 27. What is a commonly used method for assessing student understanding and learning progress?
A) Summative Assessment
B) Authentic Assessment
C) Formative Assessment
D) Norm-Referenced Assessment
- 28. Which study technique involves breaking down information into smaller parts to aid in understanding and retention?
A) Elaborative Rehearsal
B) Chunking
C) Spacing Effect
D) Mnemonic Devices
- 29. Who is best known for his studies on human memory and the forgetting curve?
A) Urie Bronfenbrenner
B) Hermann Ebbinghaus
C) Jerome Bruner
D) Kenneth Clark
- 30. The concept of forming a strong emotional bond at an early age is known as?
A) Bonding
B) Attachment
C) Socialization
D) Parenting
- 31. Who is recognized for his contributions to the study of observational learning and self-efficacy?
A) Kenneth Clark
B) Albert Bandura
C) Jerome Bruner
D) Edward Thorndike
- 32. What term refers to the process of thinking about thinking and monitoring one's cognitive processes?
A) Metacognition
B) Assimilation
C) Schema
D) Cognitive Dissonance
- 33. Who is known for his studies on the effects of rewards and punishments in learning and behavior?
A) Jean Piaget
B) Abraham Maslow
C) Lev Vygotsky
D) B.F. Skinner
- 34. According to Abraham Maslow, which needs must be satisfied first before higher-level needs can be addressed?
A) Physiological needs
B) Esteem needs
C) Safety needs
D) Self-actualization needs
- 35. What is the process of organizing and interpreting sensory information to give it meaning?
A) Cognition
B) Learning
C) Memory
D) Perception
- 36. Who introduced the concept of emotional intelligence and its impact on success in life?
A) Martin Seligman
B) Daniel Goleman
C) David Perkins
D) Philippa Perry
- 37. What is the term for a cognitive process that involves comparing new information to existing knowledge?
A) Transformation.
B) Assimilation.
C) Accommodation.
D) Internalization.
- 38. What is the term for the concept of rearranging and reconstructing cognitive structures to incorporate new information?
A) Adaptation.
B) Accommodation.
C) Assimilation.
D) Integration.
- 39. Which type of reinforcement occurs when a behavior is strengthened through the addition of a stimulus after the behavior occurs?
A) Extinction.
B) Punishment.
C) Negative reinforcement.
D) Positive reinforcement.
- 40. Which perspective in educational psychology focuses on the influence of culture on learning?
A) Psychoanalytic perspective.
B) Biological perspective.
C) Humanistic perspective.
D) Sociocultural perspective.
- 41. What is the term for the mental shortcuts or rules of thumb that people use to solve problems?
A) Scripts.
B) Algorithms.
C) Cues.
D) Heuristics.
- 42. What is the term for the mental process of reasoning, problem-solving, and decision-making?
A) Cognition
B) Attention
C) Perception
D) Memory
- 43. What is the term for the internal process that initiates, sustains, and regulates behavior?
A) Motivation
B) Stress
C) Emotion
D) Arousal
- 44. Who is known for the theory of cognitive development in children?
A) Abraham Maslow
B) Jean Piaget
C) Lev Vygotsky
D) Erik Erikson
- 45. What is the term for the mental process of recalling previously learned information?
A) Elaboration
B) Encoding
C) Retrieval
D) Consolidation
- 46. What is the term for the mental representation of knowledge?
A) Heuristic
B) Prototype
C) Schema
D) Algorithm
- 47. Who proposed the concept of the hierarchy of needs?
A) Carl Rogers
B) Abraham Maslow
C) Erik Erikson
D) Lev Vygotsky
- 48. Who outlined the stages of psychosocial development in humans?
A) Sigmund Freud
B) Erik Erikson
C) Lev Vygotsky
D) Jean Piaget
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