Grade 6 Science Semester 2 Test

1. The distance between two corresponding parts of a wave, such as the distance between two crests is called

A) spectrum.
B) radiation.
C) visible light.
D) wavelength.

2. Day and night are caused by

A) eclipses.
B) Earth’s revolution around the sun.
C) Earth’s rotation on its axis.
D) the tilt of Earth’s axis.

3. The blue-white hot core of a star that is left behind after its outer layers have expanded and drifted into space is known as a

A) quasar.
B) red giant.
C) white dwarf.
D) supernova.

4. Earth has seasons because

A) the distance between Earth and the sun changes.
B) the temperature of the sun changes.
C) its axis is tilted as it moves around the sun.
D) it rotates on its axis.

5. For a solar eclipse to occur,

A) the moon must be directly behind Earth.
B) the sun must be directly between Earth and the moon.
C) Earth must be directly between the sun and the moon.
D) the moon must be directly between Earth and the sun.

6. A light-year is

A) the distance from Earth to Proxima Centauri.
B) the amount of light the sun produces in a year.
C) 365 days.
D) the distance light travels in a year.

7. The four terrestrial planets all have

A) large size
B) rocky surfaces
C) deep atmospheres
D) hot temperatures

8. A supernova is the explosion of a dying

A) protostar.
B) medium-mass star.
C) high-mass star.
D) low-mass star.

9. A star is born when

A) a protostar cools.
B) helium and oxygen combine.
C) a nebula expands.
D) nuclear fusion starts.

10. Characteristics used to classify stars include

A) size, distance, and brightness.
B) color, brightness, and distance.
C) size, brightness, and temperature.
D) distance, size, and color.

11. The scientist who first used the telescope to make discoveries that supported the heliocentric model was

A) Copernicus.
B) Galileo.
C) Brahe.
D) Ptolemy.

12. The two factors that combine to keep Earth and the moon in their orbits are

A) gravity and inertia.
B) gravity and orbital speed.
C) orbital speed and mass.
D) mass and inertia.

13. A stream of particles that extends outwards from the sun’s corona is called

A) the chromosphere
B) the solar wind.
C) a sunspot.
D) a prominence.

14. All objects are attracted to each other by the force of

A) inertia.
B) gravity.
C) weight.
D) mass.

15. Venus’s surface temperature is so hot because of

A) wind.
B) air pressure.
C) the greenhouse effect.
D) gravity.

16. A(n) _______________ is a loose collection of ice, dust, and small rocky particles that typically has a long, narrow orbit.

A) comet
B) meteoroid
C) planet
D) asteroid

17. The Sun produces energy in a process known as nuclear ____________.

A) radiation
B) fusion
C) fission
D) resonance

18. A year on a planet is based on its ____________ around the sun.

A) revolution
B) rotation
C) distance

19. The ____________of the moon depend on how much of the lighted side of the moon can be seen from Earth.

A) phases
B) crust
C) chunks
D) pieces

20. Astronomers typically measure distances to stars in units called _____________.

A) kilometers
B) astronomical units
C) light years
D) meters

21. Stars with less mass will last ________ stars with more mass.

A) less time than
B) longer than
C) the same time as

22. Radio waves have _________ wavelengths than waves of visible light.

A) the same
B) longer
C) shorter

23. The Milky Way is an __________ galaxy

A) elliptical
B) irregular
C) quasar
D) spiral

24. The sun and moon seem to move across the sky each day because of Earth’s _______________.

A) rotation
B) tilt
C) revolution
D) orbit

25. _____________ are areas of gas on the sun that are hotter than the rest of the sun and can release x-rays.

A) Solar bombs
B) Prominences
C) White spots
D) Solar flares

26. Tides are caused by the force of ______________ from the sun and moon acting on Earth.

A) friction
B) gravity
C) air resistance

27. According to the __________ the universe formed about 14 billion years ago.

A) Theory of Plate Tectonics
B) Universal Law of Gravitation
C) Big Bang Theory
D) Law of Thermodynamics

28. __________ are areas of gas on the sun that are cooler than the gases around them.

A) Solar flares
B) Sunspots
C) Solar winds
D) Prominences

29. The ______________ is a giant area of space that contains billions or maybe trillions of comets.

A) Asteroid Belt
B) Kuiper Cloud
C) Kuiper Belt
D) Oort cloud

30. Scientists believe that Enceladus, one of Saturn’s moons, may have _____________ beneath its icy surface that might support life.

A) plate tectonics
B) a liquid salt water ocean
C) volcanoes

31. Telescopes work by collecting and focusing different forms of ____________ radiation.

A) electromagnetic
B) spectrum
C) wavelength
D) optical

32. This is a model of the solar system with Earth at its center.

A) Heliocentric
B) Geocentric
C) Exocentric
D) Holocentric

33. One astronomical unit is equal to:

A) 150,000 km
B) 15,000 km
C) 150,000,000 km
D) 150,000,000,000 km

34. _______________ are small, mostly rocky bodies, many of which are found in an area between Mars and Jupiter.

A) comets
B) meteorites
C) meteors
D) asteroids

35. The sun accounts for roughly ____% of the entire mass of the solar system.

A) 99
B) 5
C) 12
D) 79

36. For a lunar eclipse to occur,

A) the moon must be directly between Earth and the sun.
B) the sun must be directly between Earth and the moon.
C) the moon must be directly behind Earth.
D) Earth must be directly between the sun and the moon.

37. Spring tides happen when

A) the moon, sun and Earth are in a line and their gravity works together
B) the moon, sun and Earth are at 90 degree angles and their gravity is not affected.
C) the moon, sun and Earth are at 90 degree angles and their gravity works together
D) the moon, sun and Earth are in a line and gravity is not affected.

38. Pathfinder and Perseverance landed on

A) Mars
B) Titan
C) Venus
D) Mercury

39. Refracting telescopes use ________ and reflecting telescopes use_________ to bend and focus light.

A) mirrors, lenses
B) photons, gluons
C) lenses, mirrors
D) lasers, masers

40. The probe ___________ studied Jupiter.

A) Juno
B) Huygens
C) Cassini
D) New Horizons

41. The Cassini probe studied which planet?

A) Mars
B) Saturn
C) Mercury
D) Jupiter

42. Why is Pluto not a planet?

A) it's too cold.
B) It shares it's orbit with other Kuiper Belt objects.
C) It's too small.
D) It's too far away.

43. Nebula, protostar, main sequence, red giant, planetary nebula, white dwarf is the life cycle of what kind of star?

A) low mass
B) medium mass
C) high mass

44. Nebula, protostar, main sequence, supernova, black hole (or neutron star) is the life cycle of what kind of star?

A) low mass
B) medium mass
C) high mass

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