Molecular virology
  • 1. Molecular virology is a branch of virology that focuses on studying the genetic material, replication, and interactions of viruses at the molecular level. This field delves into the structure and function of viral components such as nucleic acids, proteins, and membranes, and their intricate roles in viral infection and pathogenesis. By investigating the molecular mechanisms underlying viral replication, host-virus interactions, immune responses, and antiviral strategies, molecular virologists contribute significantly to our understanding of viral diseases and the development of novel therapeutics and vaccines.

    What is a viral capsid?
A) Energy-producing organelle
B) Protein shell that encloses viral genome
C) Enzyme that breaks down host cell DNA
D) Lipid membrane surrounding virus
  • 2. What is a bacteriophage?
A) Virus that infects bacteria
B) Virus that infects plants
C) Virus that infects animals
D) Virus that infects fungi
  • 3. Which enzyme is crucial for retrovirus replication?
A) Ligase
B) DNA polymerase
C) RNA polymerase
D) Reverse transcriptase
  • 4. What is the function of a viral envelope?
A) Facilitates entry into host cell
B) Regulates gene expression
C) Produces energy
D) Protects viral genome
  • 5. What is antigenic drift in viruses?
A) Minor changes in viral proteins over time
B) Mutation in viral replication enzyme
C) Rapid and massive change in viral genome
D) No change in viral structure
  • 6. How do vaccines protect against viral infections?
A) By triggering the immune system to produce antibodies
B) By inhibiting viral replication
C) By directly destroying viruses
D) By increasing viral mutation rate
  • 7. What is the role of a viroporin in virus replication?
A) Promotes immune response against virus
B) Helps virus replicate its genome
C) Packages viral genome into new virus particles
D) Forms channels in host cell membrane for viral entry and release
  • 8. Which virus is responsible for causing AIDS?
A) Rotavirus
B) Herpes Simplex Virus
C) Influenza Virus
D) HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus)
  • 9. How do virophages differ from traditional viruses?
A) Replicate outside of host cell
B) Contain both DNA and RNA genomes
C) Are larger in size
D) Infect other viruses rather than host cells
  • 10. Which cellular organelle is often exploited by viruses for replication and assembly of viral particles?
A) Endoplasmic reticulum
B) Golgi apparatus
C) Nucleus
D) Mitochondria
  • 11. Which viral family does the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) belong to?
A) Orthomyxoviridae
B) Herpesviridae
C) Picornaviridae
D) Retroviridae
  • 12. What is the viral protein that helps to initiate the synthesis of viral RNA from the viral DNA template called?
A) Helicase
B) RNA polymerase
C) DNA polymerase
D) Primase
  • 13. What is the name given to a virus particle outside a host cell that consists of a nucleic acid core surrounded by a protein coat?
A) Virion
B) Envelope
C) Spike
D) Capsid
  • 14. What is the term for a virus that infects bacteria?
A) Prokaryophage
B) Bacteriophage
C) Phage virus
D) Bacterial virus
  • 15. What is the importance of viral receptors in host specificity?
A) Produces energy for virus
B) Aids in viral replication
C) Regulates viral protein expression
D) Determines which host cells a virus can infect
  • 16. What is the term for the process by which viruses acquire new genetic material from different sources?
A) Replication
B) Mutation
C) Recombination
D) Translation
  • 17. What do helical symmetries refer to in viruses?
A) Structure of viral capsid proteins arranged in a helix
B) Response of host cells to viral infection
C) Type of viral envelope
D) Mode of viral transmission
  • 18. Which viral disease has been eradicated through a successful vaccination campaign?
A) Influenza
B) Ebola
C) Smallpox
D) Polio
  • 19. What is the virus that causes COVID-19 classified as?
A) Paramyxovirus
B) Coronavirus
C) Filovirus
D) Rhabdovirus
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