- 1. Personality psychology is a branch of psychology that focuses on understanding and explaining individual differences in behavior and personality traits. It aims to study how people differ from one another in terms of their thoughts, feelings, and behavior patterns. Personality psychologists explore various aspects of personality, including traits, behaviors, motivations, and interpersonal relationships. They use different theories and research methods to investigate the underlying factors that contribute to an individual's unique personality. By studying personality psychology, researchers aim to uncover the complex interplay between genetic, environmental, and social factors that shape an individual's personality over time.
According to Freud, which part of the mind operates on the pleasure principle?
A) Ego
B) Superego
C) Id
D) Conscious mind
- 2. Who is known for developing the theory of self-actualization in personality psychology?
A) Sigmund Freud
B) Alfred Adler
C) Abraham Maslow
D) Carl Jung
- 3. According to the social cognitive theory, what influences behavior through observational learning and self-efficacy beliefs?
A) Social learning
B) Trait theory
C) Behaviorism
D) Psychoanalysis
- 4. Which psychological test is commonly used to assess personality traits?
A) Wechsler Intelligence Scale
B) Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale
C) MMPI
D) Rorschach inkblot test
- 5. What is the term for the process of unconsciously attributing one's own thoughts or feelings to others?
A) Regression
B) Projection
C) Displacement
D) Reaction formation
- 6. According to the psychoanalytic perspective, what component of personality strives for moral perfection?
A) Superego
B) Ego
C) Id
D) Archetype
- 7. What concept in personality psychology refers to the feelings of self-worth and self-esteem?
A) Self-concept
B) Self-efficacy
C) Self-monitoring
D) Self-transcendence
- 8. Who developed the concept of introversion and extroversion in personality theory?
A) Erik Erikson
B) Karen Horney
C) Alfred Adler
D) Carl Jung
- 9. Which theory of personality emphasizes the importance of self-esteem in motivating behavior?
A) Cognitive theory
B) Behavioral theory
C) Biological theory
D) Humanistic theory
- 10. In personality psychology, what is the term for persistent emotional distress caused by conflicting thoughts or beliefs?
A) Cognitive dissonance
B) Defense mechanism
C) Regression
D) Sublimation
- 11. What is the term for the defense mechanism that involves justifying an unacceptable behavior by providing a rational but false reason for it?
A) Sublimation
B) Projection
C) Rationalization
D) Reaction formation
- 12. According to Erik Erikson's psychosocial theory, what is the stage where individuals seek intimacy and close relationships?
A) Intimacy vs. Isolation
B) Generativity vs. Stagnation
C) Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt
D) Identity vs. Role Confusion
- 13. What did Carl Rogers consider a necessary condition for personal growth and development?
A) Psychoanalytic conflict
B) Conditioned response
C) Negative reinforcement
D) Unconditional positive regard
- 14. What term describes the belief that one has control over their own lives and can influence their environment?
A) Social comparison
B) Cognitive dissonance
C) Self-efficacy
D) Locus of control
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