- 1. Throughout history, there have been numerous fascinating discoveries in the field of medicine that have revolutionized healthcare as we know it. From the discovery of antibiotics by Alexander Fleming in 1928, to the development of vaccines for diseases like smallpox and polio, these breakthroughs have saved countless lives and improved public health worldwide. Other remarkable discoveries include the use of anesthesia in surgery, the mapping of the human genome, and the invention of medical imaging techniques like X-rays and MRIs. These advances in medical science continue to push the boundaries of what is possible, offering hope for the future of healthcare and the treatment of diseases.
Who is credited with the discovery of penicillin in 1928?
A) George Papanicolaou
B) Alexander Fleming
C) Joseph Lister
D) Paul Langerhans
- 2. Which 19th-century Austrian doctor is known as the 'father of modern psychoanalysis'?
A) Louis Pasteur
B) Sigmund Freud
C) Antonie van Leeuwenhoek
D) Wilhelm Roentgen
- 3. The discovery of the structure of DNA is attributed to which scientists?
A) Marie Curie and Pierre Curie
B) Albert Einstein and Niels Bohr
C) James Watson and Francis Crick
D) Rosalind Franklin and Maurice Wilkins
- 4. Who developed the first successful polio vaccine in 1955?
A) Charles Drew
B) Edward Jenner
C) Jonas Salk
D) Howard Florey
- 5. Who is known for introducing the concept of antiseptic surgery in the 19th century?
A) Robert Koch
B) Antonie van Leeuwenhoek
C) Joseph Lister
D) Louis Pasteur
- 6. The discovery of insulin as a treatment for diabetes is credited to whom?
A) Walter Reed
B) Frederick Banting and Charles Best
C) Ronald Ross
D) Carlos Finlay
- 7. Which scientist is known for discovering the circulation of blood in the human body?
A) Robert Koch
B) Louis Pasteur
C) Niels Bohr
D) William Harvey
- 8. Who developed the first successful smallpox vaccine in the 18th century?
A) Ignaz Semmelweis
B) Antonie van Leeuwenhoek
C) Paul Langerhans
D) Edward Jenner
- 9. The identification of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) as the cause of AIDS was made by which researchers?
A) Edward Jenner and Louis Pasteur
B) Jonas Salk and Albert Sabin
C) Luc Montagnier and Robert Gallo
D) Wilhelm Roentgen and Emil von Behring
- 10. Who is credited with the development of the first successful heart transplant in 1967?
A) Werner Forssmann
B) Barry Marshall
C) James D. Watson
D) Christiaan Barnard
- 11. The discovery of the role of Helicobacter pylori in causing peptic ulcers was made by which researchers?
A) Jonas Salk and Edward Jenner
B) Marie Curie and Pierre Curie
C) Barry Marshall and Robin Warren
D) Gregor Mendel and Charles Darwin
- 12. Who discovered the anesthetic properties of chloroform in the mid-19th century?
A) James Young Simpson
B) Antonie van Leeuwenhoek
C) Robert Koch
D) Ignaz Semmelweis
- 13. The discovery of the function of insulin in carbohydrate metabolism was made by which scientists?
A) William Harvey and Gabriel Fallopius
B) Charles Best and Frederick Banting
C) Rosalind Franklin and Maurice Wilkins
D) Niels Bohr and Werner Heisenberg
- 14. The discovery of the first antibiotic, sulfonamide, is credited to which German chemist?
A) Walter Reed
B) Alexander Fleming
C) Ehrlich Paul
D) Gerhard Domagk
- 15. Who performed the first successful human-to-human kidney transplant in 1954?
A) Werner Forssmann
B) Barry Marshall
C) Christiaan Barnard
D) Joseph Murray
- 16. The discovery of serotonin as a neurotransmitter is attributed to which Italian neuroscientist?
A) Ivan Pavlov
B) Josef Breuer
C) Thomas Willis
D) Vittorio Erspamer
- 17. The discovery of the human genome project, mapping all genes in human DNA, was completed in which year?
A) 1987
B) 2003
C) 2010
D) 1995
- 18. Who discovered the link between smoking and lung cancer in the 20th century?
A) Gregor Mendel
B) Louis Pasteur
C) Richard Doll and Bradford Hill
D) Joseph Lister
- 19. Who discovered the antibiotic streptomycin in the mid-20th century?
A) Robert Koch
B) Barry Marshall
C) Selman Waksman
D) Ignaz Semmelweis
- 20. The discovery of the Higgs boson particle in the field of medical physics was made in which year?
A) 2012
B) 2005
C) 1998
D) 2018
- 21. What medical breakthrough did Wilhelm Roentgen make?
A) Invention of the stethoscope
B) Discovery of X-rays
C) Identification of DNA structure
D) Development of anesthesia
- 22. What did Joseph Lister introduce to surgery that revolutionized healthcare?
A) Laparoscopic surgery
B) Plastic surgery
C) Antiseptic surgery
D) Cosmetic surgery
- 23. Who was the first woman to receive a Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine?
A) Gerty Cori
B) Marie Curie
C) Rosalind Franklin
D) Grace Hopper
- 24. What did Rene Laennec invent that became an essential tool for diagnosing lung conditions?
A) Sphygmomanometer
B) EKG machine
C) MRI scanner
D) Stethoscope
- 25. Who discovered the role of handwashing in preventing infections in hospitals?
A) Jonas Salk
B) Ignaz Semmelweis
C) Joseph Lister
D) William Harvey
- 26. In what year was the X-ray discovered?
A) 1920
B) 1905
C) 1876
D) 1895
- 27. Which scientist discovered the concept of blood types?
A) Gregor Mendel
B) Karl Landsteiner
C) William Harvey
D) Francis Crick
- 28. What was the first successful organ transplant?
A) Lung
B) Heart
C) Liver
D) Kidney
- 29. Which disease was eradicated through a worldwide vaccination campaign?
A) Smallpox
B) Polio
C) Measles
D) Tuberculosis
- 30. What device did Christian Barnard use in the first successful heart transplant surgery?
A) Heart-lung machine
B) Pacemaker
C) Stethoscope
D) Defibrillator
- 31. Who discovered the vaccine for rabies?
A) Joseph Lister
B) Marie Curie
C) Alexander Fleming
D) Louis Pasteur
- 32. What is the common name for Acetylsalicylic Acid, which was developed by Bayer in 1897?
A) Paracetamol
B) Morphine
C) Aspirin
D) Ibuprofen
- 33. When was the first successful human kidney transplant performed?
A) 1978
B) 1954
C) 1940
D) 1965
- 34. What was the first antibiotic discovered in 1928 by Alexander Fleming?
A) Tetracycline
B) Streptomycin
C) Penicillin
D) Neomycin
- 35. Which scientist is known for the discovery of capillary action in plants, known as Halesian physiology?
A) Gregor Mendel
B) Stephen Hales
C) James Watson
D) Alexander Fleming
- 36. What is the condition characterized by the body attacking its own cells or tissues, resulting in inflammation and damage?
A) Diabetes
B) Autoimmune disease
C) Heart disease
D) Cancer
- 37. What vaccine did Jonas Salk develop in 1955?
A) Flu vaccine
B) Polio vaccine
C) MMR vaccine
D) Hepatitis B vaccine
- 38. Who was the first woman to receive a medical degree in the United States in 1849?
A) Rosalind Franklin
B) Florence Nightingale
C) Elizabeth Blackwell
D) Marie Curie
- 39. In 1900, who discovered the insect-based transmission of malaria?
A) Alexander Fleming
B) Gerty Cori
C) Ronald Ross
D) Walter Reed
- 40. Who discovered the first effective treatment for syphilis in the early 20th century?
A) Wilhelm Roentgen
B) Jonas Salk
C) Louis Pasteur
D) Paul Ehrlich
- 41. Which scientist is known for pioneering research on radioactivity in the early 20th century?
A) Marie Curie
B) Louis Pasteur
C) Gerty Cori
D) Rosalind Franklin
- 42. Who discovered the hepatitis B virus and developed a vaccine for it?
A) Baruch Blumberg
B) Frederick Banting
C) Jonas Salk
D) Edward Jenner
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