- 1. In what century did the Ottoman Turk Empire begin under Orkhan?
A) 15th
B) 14th
C) 13th
D) 16th
- 2. Which city served as the capital of the Ottoman Empire under Orkhan?
A) Edirne
B) Istanbul
C) Bursa
D) Ankara
- 3. Orkhan was the son of which Ottoman ruler?
A) Bayezid I
B) Murad I
C) Mehmed the Conqueror
D) Osman I
- 4. Orkhan's reign marked the beginning of the Ottoman Empire's transition from a ___ state to an empire.
A) colonial
B) tribal
C) republican
D) feudal
- 5. What title was used by Orkhan's descendants to signify their role as the leaders of the Islamic world?
A) Sultan
B) Shah
C) Caliph
D) Emperor
- 6. Which fortress was captured by the Ottomans under the leadership of Orkhan, establishing their presence in Europe?
A) Constantinople
B) Adrianople
C) Belgrade
D) Gallipoli
- 7. Which empire was a major rival of the Ottoman Empire under Orkhan's rule?
A) Mamluk
B) Safavid
C) Byzantine
D) Ayyubid
- 8. The Ottoman Empire's capital was moved to ___ during the reign of Murad I.
A) Ankara
B) Constantinople
C) Bursa
D) Edirne
- 9. Orkhan's reign saw the consolidation of Ottoman control over the region of ___.
A) Bithynia
B) Mesopotamia
C) Cilicia
D) Crimea
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