- 1. In what century did the Ottoman Turk Empire begin under Orkhan?
A) 16th
B) 13th
C) 14th
D) 15th
- 2. Which city served as the capital of the Ottoman Empire under Orkhan?
A) Ankara
B) Istanbul
C) Bursa
D) Edirne
- 3. Orkhan was the son of which Ottoman ruler?
A) Mehmed the Conqueror
B) Murad I
C) Osman I
D) Bayezid I
- 4. Orkhan's reign marked the beginning of the Ottoman Empire's transition from a ___ state to an empire.
A) republican
B) feudal
C) tribal
D) colonial
- 5. What title was used by Orkhan's descendants to signify their role as the leaders of the Islamic world?
A) Emperor
B) Shah
C) Sultan
D) Caliph
- 6. Which fortress was captured by the Ottomans under the leadership of Orkhan, establishing their presence in Europe?
A) Adrianople
B) Gallipoli
C) Belgrade
D) Constantinople
- 7. Which empire was a major rival of the Ottoman Empire under Orkhan's rule?
A) Ayyubid
B) Byzantine
C) Safavid
D) Mamluk
- 8. The Ottoman Empire's capital was moved to ___ during the reign of Murad I.
A) Constantinople
B) Bursa
C) Ankara
D) Edirne
- 9. Orkhan's reign saw the consolidation of Ottoman control over the region of ___.
A) Crimea
B) Cilicia
C) Mesopotamia
D) Bithynia
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