Relational database

1. A relational database is a type of database that stores and provides access to data points that are related to one another. The data points are organized into tables, with each table consisting of rows and columns. One of the key features of a relational database is the ability to establish relationships between different tables based on common fields, allowing for efficient querying and retrieval of data. This structure helps ensure data integrity and consistency, as changes made to one table will automatically reflect in related tables. Relational databases use structured query language (SQL) to manage and manipulate data, making them a powerful tool for handling complex datasets in various applications, such as e-commerce, finance, and customer relationship management systems.

What is a primary key in a relational database?

A) A key used for encryption of data.
B) A unique identifier for each record in a table.
C) A key that allows access to all records in a table.
D) A key that is not indexed.

2. What is SQL?

A) Simple Query Language for non-relational databases.
B) Syntax Query Language for text documents.
C) Structured Query Language used to manage and query relational databases.
D) Structured Query Logic for manipulating files.

3. What does ACID stand for in database transactions?

A) Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability.
B) Automated Computation and Integration Delivery.
C) Access Control In Database.
D) All Columns Indexed Directly.

4. Which of the following is an example of a relational database management system (RDBMS)?

A) MongoDB
B) Elasticsearch
C) Redis
D) MySQL

5. What is a view in a relational database?

A) An index created on a column for faster retrieval.
B) A virtual table that presents data from one or more tables based on a query.
C) A table with no records.
D) A data type used for storing images.

6. Which SQL keyword is used to retrieve specific rows from a table?

A) FILTER
B) GROUP
C) SELECT
D) SORT

7. What is a data dictionary in a relational database context?

A) A set of rules for defining relationships.
B) A table containing data records.
C) A collection of metadata that describes the data and structure of the database.
D) A database index for quick data retrieval.

8. Which SQL clause is used to filter rows that meet a specific condition?

A) SELECT
B) GROUP BY
C) FILTER
D) WHERE

9. What is a composite key in a relational database?

A) A key that is stored in multiple tables.
B) A primary key for composite data types.
C) A key that consists of multiple columns to uniquely identify a record.
D) A key that is not indexed.

10. What is a database schema in the context of relational databases?

A) A logical design that represents the structure of the database.
B) A software tool for database management.
C) The physical storage location of the database files.
D) A type of encryption algorithm.

11. Which SQL command is used to add new data to a table?

A) MERGE
B) ADD
C) INSERT
D) UPDATE

12. Which SQL statement is used to modify data in a table?

A) MODIFY
B) ALTER
C) CHANGE
D) UPDATE

13. What is the purpose of an index in a relational database?

A) To combine multiple tables into one.
B) To encrypt sensitive data in the database.
C) To define relationships between tables.
D) To improve the speed of data retrieval operations.

14. What is a join in the context of relational databases?

A) An operation to pivot table data.
B) A process of creating new records in a table.
C) A method for filtering data.
D) A method to combine rows from two or more tables based on a related column.

15. Which SQL function is used to find the highest value in a column?

A) MAXIMUM
B) FIRST
C) MAX
D) TOP

16. What is a subquery in SQL?

A) A query that selects a random subset of data.
B) A query that returns all records in a table.
C) A query that retrieves data from multiple tables.
D) A query nested within another query.

17. Which type of join in SQL returns only the rows where there is a match in both tables?

A) INNER JOIN
B) LEFT JOIN
C) OUTER JOIN
D) RIGHT JOIN

18. Which SQL statement is used to remove data from a table?

A) INSERT INTO.
B) DELETE.
C) SELECT.
D) UPDATE.

19. Which command is used to remove a table from a database?

A) INSERT
B) UPDATE
C) DROP
D) ALTER

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