- 1. Who are credited with demonstrating the double-helix structure of DNA?
A) Isaac Newton and Galileo Galilei
B) James Watson and Francis Crick
C) Charles Darwin and Gregor Mendel
D) Marie Curie and Albert Einstein
- 2. In which year did Crick and Watson first describe the double-helix structure of DNA?
A) 1945
B) 1953
C) 1960
D) 1975
- 3. What chemical elements make up the double helix structure of DNA?
A) Nitrogen, Oxygen, Carbon Dioxide, Water, Calcium
B) Sodium, Potassium, Chlorine, Fluorine, Iron
C) Mercury, Silver, Gold, Platinum, Copper
D) Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Oxygen, Phosphorus
- 4. Which technique did Crick and Watson use to determine the structure of DNA?
A) Mass spectrometry
B) Electron microscopy
C) X-ray crystallography
D) Chromatography
- 5. The double helix structure of DNA consists of how many strands?
A) Three
B) Four
C) Two
D) One
- 6. What is the complementary base pair for adenine in DNA?
A) Uracil
B) Thymine
C) Cytosine
D) Guanine
- 7. Who provided crucial X-ray crystallography data that helped Crick and Watson in their discovery?
A) Dorothy Hodgkin
B) Barbara McClintock
C) Barbara Bain
D) Rosalind Franklin
- 8. Which of the following is NOT a nitrogenous base found in DNA?
A) Uracil
B) Thymine
C) Cytosine
D) Adenine
- 9. The backbone of the DNA molecule is composed of alternating units of what?
A) Steroids
B) Amino acids
C) Nucleotides
D) Sugar and phosphate
- 10. Which Nobel Prize category did Crick, Watson, and Wilkins receive for their discovery of the double-helix structure of DNA?
A) Peace
B) Chemistry
C) Physiology or Medicine
D) Physics
- 11. The DNA strands in the double helix run in which direction relative to each other?
A) Opposite
B) Antiparallel
C) Parallel
D) Perpendicular
- 12. What feature of the double-helix structure of DNA allows for easy replication of genetic information?
A) Complementary base pairing
B) Sugar-phosphate backbone
C) Double-stranded structure
D) Antiparallel orientation
- 13. The discovery of the double-helix structure of DNA was a significant advancement in understanding which area of biology?
A) Genetics
B) Ecology
C) Zoology
D) Botany
- 14. The double helix structure of DNA consists of two intertwined:
A) Nucleotides
B) Chromosomes
C) Ribosomes
D) Strands
- 15. What are the building blocks of DNA?
A) Peptides
B) Lipids
C) Nucleotides
D) Amino Acids
- 16. The double helix structure of DNA was first described in a paper published in the journal:
A) Journal of Molecular Biology
B) Nature
C) Science
D) Cell
- 17. What is the name of the shape that the two strands of DNA form when they twist around each other?
A) Tetrahedron
B) Triple helix
C) Square knot
D) Double helix
- 18. What was the name of the laboratory where Crick and Watson worked when they discovered the structure of DNA?
A) Pasteur Institute
B) Rockefeller University
C) Cavendish Laboratory
D) Max Planck Institute
- 19. What kind of information is encoded in the sequence of bases within the DNA molecule?
A) Physiological information
B) Genetic information
C) Metabolic information
D) Structural information
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