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PS Exam Review Fall 15-16 Chapter 8,10
  • 1. In order for a solution to form,
A) a gas must dissolve in a liquid.
B) a solid must dissolve in a liquid
C) the solvent must be water.
D) one substance must dissolve in another.
  • 2. During the formation of a solution, energy is
A) absorbed only.
B) neither released nor absorbed.
C) either released or absorbed.
D) released only.
  • 3. In an exothermic reaction, the amount of energy required to break the attractions among the solute particles and among the solvent particles is
A) less than the energy released as attractions form between solute and solvent particles.
B) greater than the energy released as attractions form between solute and solvent particles.
C) equal to the energy released as attractions form between solute and solvent particles.
D) equal to the heat of solution.
  • 4. A student dissolved equal amounts of salt in equal amounts of warm water, room-temperature water, and ice water. Which of the following is true?
A) None of the above
B) The salt dissolved most quickly in the ice water.
C) The salt dissolved most quickly in the warm water
D) The salt dissolved most quickly in the room-temperature water.
  • 5. A student dissolved equal amounts of salt in equal amounts of warm water, room-temperature water, and ice water. Which of the following is true?
A) The salt dissolved most quickly in the warm water.
B) The salt dissolved most quickly in the ice water.
C) None of the above
D) The salt dissolved most quickly in the room-temperature water.
  • 6. A solution that contains more solute than it would normally hold at that temperature is said to be
A) unsaturated.
B) supersaturated.
C) concentrated.
D) saturated.
  • 7. Which of the following is NOT a property of an acid
A) changes the color of an indicator
B) tastes sour
C) usually reacts with a metal
D) feels slippery
  • 8. A girl tasted each of the following foods. Which of the following would NOT taste acidic to her?
A) tomato
B) lime
C) orange
D) celery
  • 9. A base is defined as a compound that produces
A) hydronium ions in solution.
B) hydrogen ions in solution.
C) hydroxide ions in solution.
D) sodium ions in solution.
  • 10. Which of the following is NOT a common property of bases?
A) changes colors of indicators
B) feels slippery
C) reacts with metals
D) tastes bitter
  • 11. The products of the neutralization reaction between hydrochloric acid and magnesium hydroxide are
A) MgCl and H2O
B) HCl and MgOH
C) HCl and Mg(OH)2
D) MgCl2 and H2O
  • 12. An acid can be defined as
A) a proton donor.
B) a proton acceptor.
C) both a proton donor and a proton acceptor.
D) neither a proton donor nor a proton acceptor.
  • 13. A compound has a pH of 6 in solution, where very little of it has ionized. The compound is a
A) weak base.
B) strong base.
C) strong acid.
D) weak acid.
  • 14. A substance that ionizes or dissociates into ions when placed in water is always a(an)
A) electrolyte
B) conductor.
C) strong acid.
D) strong base.
  • 15. Which of the following are examples of strong electrolytes?
A) weak acids and weak bases
B) pure water and buffers
C) strong acids and strong bases
D) strong and weak bases
  • 16. What is the process in which an unstable atomic nucleus emits charged particles or energy or both?
A) none of these
B) decomposition
C) radioactivity
D) oxidation
  • 17. Uranium-238 undergoes alpha decay. Therefore, uranium-238 will
A) change into a different element altogether
B) remain stable
C) emit neutral particles and no energy
D) none of these
  • 18. What type of nuclear decay releases energy but not a particle?
A) gamma decay
B) electron decay
C) alpha decay
D) beta decay
  • 19. Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A) all natural radiation is at a level low enough to be safe
B) you are exposed to nuclear radiation every day
C) most of the nuclear radiation you are exposed to occurs naturally in the environment
D) naturally occuting nuclear radiation is called background radiation
  • 20. Alpha-emitting substances, such as radon gas, can be a serius health hazard only if
A) their radiation strikes the skin
B) exposure to them is external
C) they are inhaled or eaten
D) none of these
  • 21. In general, the nucleus of a small atom is stable. Therefore, over very short distances,such as those in a small nucleus,
A) the strong nuclear force equals the electric force.
B) the strong nuclear force is much greater than the electric force.
C) the electric force is much greater thatn the strong nuclear force.
D) the strong nuclear force and the electric force are both attractive.
  • 22. The strong nuclear force felt by a single proton in a large nucleus
A) is about the same as the elctric force felt by a single proton proton in a small nucleus
B) is about the same as that felf by a single proton in a small nucleus
C) is much less than that flet by a single proton in a small nucleus
D) is much greater than that felt by a single protom in a small nucleus
  • 23. During nuclear fission, great amounts of energy are produce from
A) tremendous amounts of mass
B) particle accelerators
C) very small amounts of mass
D) a series of chemical reactions
  • 24. Which of the following is an advantage of using nuclear power plants to produce electricity?
A) nuclear power plants do not pollute the air
B) nuclear power plants produce wastes that are easy to dispose of
C) nuclear power plants produce more stable wastes compared to fossil fuel combustion
D) all of these
  • 25. Which of the following is NOT an advantabe of using a fusion reaction instead of a fission reaction to produce energy?
A) Hydrogen is used, and hydrogen is easily obtained from water.
B) Fusion reactors require less energy than fission reactors do.
C) No harmful waste products are produced.
D) Workers are not in as much danger from radiation.
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