- 1. Cryptography is the practice and study of techniques for secure communication in the presence of third parties. It involves creating and analyzing protocols that prevent third parties or the public from reading private messages. Various aspects in information security such as data confidentiality, data integrity, authentication, and non-repudiation are enabled by cryptographic techniques. Cryptography is essential for securing sensitive information in sectors such as government, finance, healthcare, and communication networks. Modern cryptography employs algorithms and mathematical principles to ensure data protection, confidentiality, and privacy.
Which type of cryptography uses the same key for both encryption and decryption?
A) Symmetric cryptography
B) Asymmetric cryptography
C) Quantum cryptography
D) Hashing algorithms
- 2. What does the term 'plaintext' refer to in cryptography?
A) Encrypted data
B) Unencrypted data
C) Public keys
D) Digital signatures
- 3. What is a 'cipher' in cryptography?
A) Public key infrastructure
B) Algorithm for encryption and decryption
C) Hardware security module
D) Secure network protocol
- 4. Which of the following is a form of asymmetric cryptography?
A) Triple DES
B) Blowfish
C) RSA
D) AES
- 5. Which cryptographic primitive is used for generating a fixed-size hash of data?
A) Hash function
B) Public key encryption
C) Key exchange algorithm
D) Symmetric key encryption
- 6. What is the term for the process of converting plaintext into ciphertext?
A) Key exchange
B) Encryption
C) Hashing
D) Decryption
- 7. What is the process of securely exchanging cryptographic keys called?
A) Hashing
B) Digital signing
C) Public key encryption
D) Key exchange
- 8. What is the process of converting ciphertext back into plaintext called?
A) Key exchange
B) Hashing
C) Encryption
D) Decryption
- 9. What is the term for a secret value used in symmetric encryption algorithms?
A) Salt
B) Key
C) Hash
D) IV (Initialization Vector)
- 10. Which cryptographic protocol is commonly used to secure web traffic (HTTPS)?
A) IPSec
B) SSL/TLS
C) SSH
D) PGP
- 11. Which of the following is a symmetric encryption algorithm?
A) ECC
B) AES
C) RSA
D) Diffie-Hellman
- 12. Which cryptographic hash function is commonly used for integrity checking?
A) AES
B) SHA-1
C) SHA-256
D) MD5
- 13. Which cipher involves shifting the letters of the alphabet a certain number of places?
A) AES
B) Vigenère
C) Caesar
D) Playfair
- 14. Which cipher machine was used by the Germans during World War II?
A) Bletchley
B) Colossus
C) Enigma
D) Morse
- 15. What is the term for a weakness in a cryptographic system that can be exploited by an attacker?
A) Key
B) Salting
C) Hash
D) Vulnerability
- 16. What does HMAC stand for in cryptography?
A) Highly Manufactured Argument Chunk
B) Hash-Based Message Authentication Code
C) Hypertext Markup Algorithm Code
D) Human-Machine Authorization Comparison
- 17. What type of encryption ensures that the same plaintext message will always generate the same cipher text?
A) Deterministic
B) Probabilistic
C) Asymmetric
D) Public Key
- 18. What does PGP stand for in relation to cryptography?
A) Protocol for Global Privacy
B) Private Guard Protocol
C) Pretty Good Privacy
D) Public Key Globus
- 19. Which type of encryption uses two keys, one for encryption and the other for decryption?
A) Diffie-Hellman
B) Asymmetric
C) Symmetric
D) Hashing
- 20. What is the use of padding in encryption?
A) Preventing Brute Force Attacks
B) Improving Compression
C) Increasing Key Length
D) Ensuring Blocks are a Fixed Size
- 21. What is the basic principle behind the security of elliptic curve cryptography?
A) The Birthday Paradox
B) The Discrete Logarithm Problem
C) The Caesar Cipher
D) The Vigenère Cipher
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