- 1. The history of Rwanda is characterized by a complex mix of indigenous, colonial, and post-colonial influences. Pre-colonial Rwanda was traditionally organized into a decentralized monarchy with a strong central authority. The colonial period saw Rwanda come under German and later Belgian rule, leading to the imposition of divisive policies that exacerbated ethnic tensions between the Hutu and Tutsi communities. This culminated in the tragic 1994 genocide, where an estimated 800,000 Rwandans, mostly Tutsis, were brutally killed in a period of just 100 days. Since then, Rwanda has focused on reconciliation, reconstruction, and development, experiencing remarkable progress in various sectors such as economy, education, and healthcare. Today, Rwanda is known for its efforts towards unity and nation-building, as well as its commitment to sustainable development and social cohesion.
What was the name of the ethnic group that made up the majority of the population in Rwanda before colonization?
A) Tutsi
B) Twa
C) Hutu
D) Belgians
- 2. The Rwandan Genocide occurred in which year?
A) 1967
B) 2000
C) 1983
D) 1994
- 3. What was the estimated number of people killed during the Rwandan Genocide?
A) 500,000
B) 800,000
C) 300,000
D) 1 million
- 4. What was the radio station that played a significant role in inciting violence during the genocide?
A) BBC
B) CNN
C) Radio Télévision Libre des Mille Collines (RTLM)
D) Al Jazeera
- 5. Which international tribunal was established to prosecute those responsible for the Rwandan Genocide?
A) Rwanda Supreme Court
B) United Nations Security Council
C) International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (ICTR)
D) International Court of Justice
- 6. Who became the President of Rwanda after the genocide?
A) Aloys Simba
B) Paul Kagame
C) Théodore Sindikubwabo
D) Juvenal Habyarimana
- 7. In what year did Rwanda gain independence from Belgium?
A) 1988
B) 1950
C) 1975
D) 1962
- 8. What is the capital city of Rwanda?
A) Kigali
B) Lusaka
C) Kampala
D) Nairobi
- 9. Which agreement sought to end the violence in Rwanda by forming a power-sharing government?
A) Camp David Accords
B) Geneva Convention
C) Arusha Accords
D) Versailles Treaty
- 10. Who was the United Nations peacekeeper commander in Rwanda during the genocide?
A) Dag Hammarskjöld
B) Roméo Dallaire
C) Kofi Annan
D) Ban Ki-moon
- 11. Which neighboring country supported the Rwandan Patriotic Front (RPF) rebels that eventually ended the genocide?
A) Tanzania
B) Burundi
C) Democratic Republic of the Congo
D) Uganda
- 12. What is the major language spoken in Rwanda?
A) Kinyarwanda
B) English
C) Swahili
D) French
- 13. Who was the first democratically elected President of Rwanda?
A) Pasteur Bizimungu
B) Juvenal Habyarimana
C) Paul Kagame
D) Agathe Uwilingiyimana
- 14. Which colonial power favored the Tutsis over the Hutus, exacerbating ethnic tensions in Rwanda?
A) Belgium
B) Germany
C) Britain
D) France
- 15. What is the name of the commemoration period in Rwanda to honor the victims of the genocide?
A) Kwibuka
B) Ubukwe
C) Gacaca
D) Imivugo
- 16. Who was the Prime Minister of Rwanda from 1992 to 1993 and was killed at the onset of the genocide?
A) Agathe Uwilingiyimana
B) Paul Kagame
C) Pasteur Bizimungu
D) Théodore Sindikubwabo
- 17. What was the name of the tribe that served as the traditional healers and hunters in Rwandan society?
A) Baganda
B) Twa
C) Tutsi
D) Hutu
- 18. Which city in Rwanda is known for its annual traditional dance festival?
A) Kigali
B) Gisenyi
C) Butare
D) Nyamata
- 19. Which European country colonized Rwanda in the late 19th century?
A) Belgium
B) Germany
C) Portugal
D) France
- 20. Which region of Africa is Rwanda located in?
A) Central Africa
B) West Africa
C) Southern Africa
D) East Africa
- 21. What is Umuganda in Rwanda?
A) Traditional Dance
B) Community Service
C) Religious Ceremony
D) Landmark
- 22. Who served as the United Nations Secretary-General during the Rwandan genocide?
A) Kofi Annan
B) Dag Hammarskjöld
C) Ban Ki-moon
D) Boutros Boutros-Ghali
- 23. What is the currency of Rwanda?
A) Rwandan Euro
B) Rwandan Dollar
C) Rwandan Peso
D) Rwandan Franc
- 24. Who was the first President of Rwanda following the end of the monarchy?
A) Paul Kagame
B) Grégoire Kayibanda
C) Agathe Uwilingiyimana
D) Pasteur Bizimungu
- 25. What is the traditional Rwandan dance characterized by rapid, synchronized movements called?
A) IsiRwu
B) Umureengo
C) Intore
D) Imishanga
- 26. What is the name of Rwanda's highest mountain?
A) Mount Gahinga
B) Mount Karisimbi
C) Mount Sabyinyo
D) Mount Muhabura
- 27. What is the meaning of the Rwandan phrase 'Muraho'?
A) Goodbye
B) Thank You
C) Hello
D) Yes
- 28. Which Rwandan political party led the country during the colonial period and advocated for Hutu empowerment?
A) Parmehutu
B) MDR-Power
C) RPF
D) MRND
- 29. What is the traditional Rwandan beer made from bananas called?
A) Umubisi
B) Ikigage
C) Urwagwa
D) Icyapa
- 30. In what year was the Arusha Accords signed between the Rwandan government and Tutsi rebels?
A) 1996
B) 1990
C) 1993
D) 1999
- 31. Which country played a significant role in the peacekeeping efforts in Rwanda during the genocide?
A) Russia
B) United States
C) France
D) China
- 32. Which country hosted peace talks that led to the signing of the Arusha Accords?
A) Tanzania
B) Burundi
C) Uganda
D) Kenya
- 33. What international organization failed to prevent or effectively intervene during the Rwandan genocide?
A) NATO
B) European Union
C) African Union
D) United Nations
- 34. Which genocide suspect was the first to be convicted by the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda?
A) Elizaphan Ntakirutimana
B) Jean-Paul Akayesu
C) Pauline Nyiramasuhuko
D) Ferdinand Nahimana
- 35. Which lake forms part of Rwanda's western border with the Democratic Republic of the Congo?
A) Lake Kivu
B) Lake Tanganyika
C) Lake Malawi
D) Lake Victoria
- 36. What is the name of the Rwandan national soccer team?
A) Simbas
B) Black Stars
C) Amavubi
D) Super Eagles
- 37. What resource played a role in fueling conflict in the Great Lakes region, including Rwanda?
A) Oil
B) Coltan
C) Diamonds
D) Gold
- 38. In what year did Rwanda officially join the East African Community?
A) 2007
B) 1994
C) 2010
D) 2000
- 39. What was the language of instruction in Rwandan schools during Belgian colonial rule?
A) English
B) German
C) Dutch
D) French
- 40. Which UN mission failed to prevent the 1994 genocide in Rwanda?
A) UNHCR
B) UNAMIR
C) UNICEF
D) UNDP
- 41. Which Rwandan national park is home to the endangered mountain gorillas?
A) Volcanoes National Park
B) Gishwati-Mukura National Park
C) Akagera National Park
D) Nyungwe Forest National Park
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