- 1. Cardiothoracic surgery is a specialized field of surgery that focuses on treating conditions of the heart, lungs, esophagus, and other organs within the chest cavity. It involves highly intricate procedures such as coronary artery bypass grafting, heart valve repair or replacement, lung resection, and other surgeries to address conditions like heart disease, lung cancer, and congenital heart defects. Cardiothoracic surgeons undergo extensive training to acquire the skills and expertise necessary to perform these complex surgeries safely and effectively, often working in collaboration with cardiologists, pulmonologists, and other healthcare professionals to provide comprehensive care for patients with cardiothoracic conditions.
Which of the following is a common indication for cardiothoracic surgery?
A) Coronary artery disease
B) Hypertension
C) Osteoarthritis
D) Migraine
- 2. What is the main purpose of a coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery?
A) To remove blood clots from the heart
B) To repair heart valve defects
C) To control abnormal heart rhythms
D) To improve blood flow to the heart muscle
- 3. Which organ is primarily involved in thoracic surgery?
A) Brain
B) Liver
C) Lungs
D) Kidneys
- 4. What type of surgery is commonly performed for lung cancer?
A) Lobectomy
B) Cholecystectomy
C) Gastrectomy
D) Appendectomy
- 5. Which of the following conditions may require aortic valve replacement?
A) Atrial fibrillation
B) Aortic stenosis
C) Hypertension
D) Gastroesophageal reflux disease
- 6. What is the purpose of minimally invasive heart surgery?
A) To repair lung injuries
B) To remove blood clots from the heart
C) To reduce trauma and promote faster recovery
D) To treat sleep apnea
- 7. Which structure separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity?
A) Trachea
B) Umbilical cord
C) Diaphragm
D) Bladder
- 8. What is the function of the trachea?
A) To pump blood to the rest of the body
B) To aid in digestion
C) To regulate body temperature
D) To carry air to and from the lungs
- 9. Which vessel supplies oxygenated blood to the heart muscle itself?
A) Hepatic vein
B) Aorta
C) Coronary arteries
D) Pulmonary arteries
- 10. What is the purpose of a ventricular assist device (VAD)?
A) To treat kidney stones
B) To support heart function in patients with advanced heart failure
C) To stabilize blood sugar levels
D) To assist with breathing
- 11. Which of the following measures heart electrical activity?
A) Blood glucose test
B) X-ray
C) Electrocardiogram (ECG)
D) MRI scan
- 12. What is the role of the P wave in an ECG reading?
A) Represents atrial depolarization
B) Reflects ventricular depolarization
C) Indicates ventricular repolarization
D) Signals atrial relaxation
- 13. What does a cardioversion procedure aim to do?
A) Reduce cholesterol levels
B) Improve kidney function
C) Control blood pressure
D) Restore normal heart rhythm
- 14. Which type of incision is commonly used in cardiothoracic surgery?
A) Median sternotomy
B) Appendectomy incision
C) C-section incision
D) Laparoscopic incision
- 15. Which imaging technique may be used in cardiothoracic surgery for preoperative planning?
A) X-ray
B) MRI
C) Ultrasound
D) CT scan
- 16. Which surgeon specializes in performing cardiothoracic surgeries?
A) Dermatologist
B) Neurologist
C) Orthopedic surgeon
D) Cardiothoracic surgeon
- 17. What is a common reason for performing a lobectomy in cardiothoracic surgery?
A) Stomach ulcer
B) Tennis elbow
C) Eczema
D) Lung cancer
- 18. Which material is commonly used for sutures in cardiothoracic surgery?
A) Nylon
B) Silk
C) Polypropylene
D) Cotton
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