- 1. Scandinavian history encompasses the rich and diverse heritage of the Nordic region, comprising the nations of Denmark, Norway, Sweden, Finland, and Iceland. The history of Scandinavia is marked by a blend of Viking conquests, trade routes, cultural exchanges, and the development of strong maritime traditions. From the seafaring raids of the Vikings to the establishment of powerful kingdoms and the spread of Christianity, Scandinavian history is characterized by a unique mix of cultural influences and historical events that have shaped the region's identity and legacy. Today, Scandinavia is known for its modern social welfare systems, innovative design, and progressive values that reflect its enduring historical roots.
Who was the first King of Norway?
A) Harald Fairhair
B) Leif Eriksson
C) Erik the Red
D) Olaf II
- 2. Who unified Denmark, Norway, and Sweden in the Kalmar Union?
A) Olaf Tryggvason
B) Gustav Vasa
C) Margaret I
D) Canute the Great
- 3. Which Scandinavian country remained neutral during both World Wars?
A) Sweden
B) Denmark
C) Norway
D) Finland
- 4. Who wrote the epic poem 'Beowulf'?
A) Henry Wadsworth Longfellow
B) Unknown author
C) Snorri Sturluson
D) Egil Skallagrímsson
- 5. Who was the founder of the Kingdom of Sweden in the 10th century?
A) Olaf I of Sweden
B) Gustav I Vasa
C) Sigurd the Mighty
D) Eric the Victorious
- 6. What major event marked the end of the Swedish Empire in the early 18th century?
A) Seven Years' War
B) Great Northern War
C) Thirty Years' War
D) Napoleonic Wars
- 7. Which Scandinavian country is known as the 'Land of a Thousand Lakes'?
A) Finland
B) Denmark
C) Norway
D) Sweden
- 8. Who became the first Christian King of Denmark?
A) Harald Bluetooth
B) Gorm the Old
C) Sweyn Forkbeard
D) Canute the Great
- 9. Which famous Norwegian explorer discovered Greenland?
A) Thor Heyerdahl
B) Roald Amundsen
C) Erik the Red
D) Fridtjof Nansen
- 10. What was the name of the mighty warship built for King Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden?
A) Nordlys
B) Draken
C) Vasa
D) Dannebrog
- 11. What year did Denmark officially abolish the slave trade?
A) 1803
B) 1920
C) 1733
D) 1857
- 12. Who was the first female Prime Minister of Denmark?
A) Lars Løkke Rasmussen
B) Poul-Erik Høyer
C) Margrethe Vestager
D) Helle Thorning-Schmidt
- 13. Which Swedish king is considered the 'father of modern Sweden'?
A) Gustav III
B) Charles XII
C) Gustav Vasa
D) Charles XIV John
- 14. Where did the Viking Age begin?
A) Germany
B) England
C) Russia
D) Scandinavia
- 15. Which treaty ended the Great Northern War in 1721?
A) Treaty of Kiel
B) Treaty of Roskilde
C) Treaty of Copenhagen
D) Treaty of Nystad
- 16. Who was the first King of Sweden from the House of Bernadotte?
A) Charles XIII
B) Gustav IV Adolf
C) Karl II
D) Charles XIV John
- 17. In which year did Iceland gain independence from Denmark?
A) 1864
B) 1944
C) 1989
D) 1918
- 18. Which Viking explorer is believed to have discovered America?
A) Leif Erikson
B) Erik the Red
C) Harald Bluetooth
D) Thorvald Asvaldsson
- 19. Who founded the city of Stockholm?
A) Erik the Red
B) Birger Jarl
C) Cnut the Great
D) Olaf II of Norway
- 20. Who was the first Christian king of Sweden?
A) Olof Skötkonung
B) Gustav I Vasa
C) Björn Ironside
D) Eric the Victorious
- 21. What was the capital of the Kalmar Union?
A) Helsinki
B) Stockholm
C) Copenhagen
D) Oslo
- 22. Who was the last ruler of the Kalmar Union?
A) Christian II
B) Margaret I
C) Christopher III
D) Gustav I Vasa
- 23. In which year did the Swedish Empire reach its greatest territorial extent?
A) 1905
B) 1658
C) 1814
D) 1523
- 24. Which country occupied Norway during World War II?
A) Russia
B) Germany
C) Sweden
D) United Kingdom
- 25. Who was the first king of Denmark?
A) Canute the Great
B) Sweyn Forkbeard
C) Gorm the Old
D) Harald Bluetooth
- 26. What was the name of the infamous 14-century pandemic that spread across Scandinavia?
A) Black Death
B) Cholera
C) Spanish Flu
D) Yellow Fever
- 27. What was the name of the famous 18th-century Swedish botanist and taxonomist?
A) Carl Linnaeus
B) Anders Celsius
C) Niels Bohr
D) Alfred Nobel
- 28. In which year did Finland declare independence from Russia?
A) 1905
B) 1917
C) 1923
D) 1939
- 29. Who was the Norwegian playwright and poet who wrote 'Peer Gynt'?
A) Bjørnstjerne Bjørnson
B) Henrik Ibsen
C) August Strindberg
D) Knut Hamsun
- 30. Which Swedish diplomat played a key role in saving Jews during the Holocaust?
A) Greta Thunberg
B) Olof Palme
C) Raoul Wallenberg
D) Dag Hammarskjöld
- 31. What was the name of the 1960s Swedish pop group that achieved international success with hits like 'Dancing Queen'?
A) ABBA
B) Ace of Base
C) Europe
D) Roxette
- 32. Which Finnish architect is known for his organic modernist buildings inspired by nature?
A) Juha Leiviskä
B) Alvar Aalto
C) Eero Saarinen
D) Elissa Aalto
- 33. Who is recognized as the national poet of Iceland for his contribution to Icelandic literature and independence movement?
A) Hermann Hesse
B) Bjarni Herjólfsson
C) Snorri Sturluson
D) Jónas Hallgrímsson
- 34. Which Scandinavian country was the first to adopt Christianity as its official religion?
A) Iceland
B) Norway
C) Denmark
D) Sweden
- 35. What was the name of the union between Denmark, Norway, and Sweden from 1397 to 1523?
A) Viking Confederation
B) Kalmar Union
C) Scandinavian Pact
D) Norse Alliance
- 36. Who was the famous Danish astronomer known for his contributions to astronomy?
A) Tycho Brahe
B) Galileo Galilei
C) Isaac Newton
D) Johannes Kepler
- 37. Which Scandinavian country is known as the 'Land of the Midnight Sun'?
A) Norway
B) Finland
C) Iceland
D) Sweden
- 38. What is the capital city of Finland?
A) Copenhagen
B) Oslo
C) Stockholm
D) Helsinki
- 39. Who wrote the Finnish national epic 'Kalevala'?
A) Elias Lönnrot
B) Mika Waltari
C) Zachris Topelius
D) Väinö Linna
- 40. The Swedish warship 'Vasa' sank on its maiden voyage in which year?
A) 1715
B) 1571
C) 1805
D) 1628
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