An Introduction to Metaphysics by Henri Bergson

1. What is the primary focus of Bergson's metaphysics?

A) The nature of time and experience.
B) Ethical dilemmas.
C) The study of physical objects.
D) The existence of God.

2. Which philosophy contrasts with Bergson's ideas by emphasizing intellect over intuition?

A) Existentialism.
B) Rationalism.
C) Romanticism.
D) Pragmatism.

3. Bergson often contrasts the concepts of 'mechanical' and:

A) Vital.
B) Emotional.
C) Philosophical.
D) Physical.

4. What does Bergson mean by 'élan vital'?

A) The struggle for existence.
B) The vital impulse or life force.
C) The quest for knowledge.
D) The flow of time.

5. Which of Bergson's concepts emphasizes the continuous flow of time?

A) Space.
B) Existentialism.
C) Duration.
D) Divisibility.

6. Bergson's philosophy has been linked to which branch of philosophy?

A) Postmodernism.
B) Analytic philosophy.
C) Process philosophy.
D) Behaviorism.

7. What significance does Bergson place on memory?

A) It is a hindrance to knowledge.
B) It is purely biological.
C) It is irrelevant to the present.
D) It is crucial for our understanding of self.

8. How does Bergson challenge traditional views of causality?

A) By denying causation altogether.
B) By focusing solely on material causes.
C) By arguing for a more dynamic understanding.
D) By affirming strict determinism.

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