- 1. Educational psychology is a diverse and dynamic field that focuses on studying how people learn and how teaching methods can be optimized to enhance learning outcomes. Professionals in this field explore a wide range of topics, such as cognitive development, motivation, assessment, and instructional design. By applying psychological principles to educational settings, researchers and practitioners aim to improve teaching practices, student performance, and overall educational experiences. Through research, experimentation, and data analysis, educational psychologists strive to identify effective strategies for promoting learning, addressing learning difficulties, and fostering positive learning environments. The field of educational psychology plays a crucial role in shaping educational policies, designing curriculum, and supporting the academic success and well-being of students of all ages.
Which theory emphasizes the importance of observing and modeling behaviors in educational settings?
A) Functionalism
B) Social learning theory
C) Structuralism
D) Gestalt psychology
- 2. What is the term for the mental frameworks that individuals use to organize and understand information?
A) Hypotheses
B) Algorithms
C) Schemas
D) Variables
- 3. Which educational approach involves breaking down complex concepts into smaller parts for easier comprehension?
A) Cramming
B) Overlearning
C) Cognitive dissonance
D) Chunking
- 4. In educational psychology, what is the term for the mental process that involves thinking, understanding, and remembering?
A) Motivation
B) Cognition
C) Consciousness
D) Behavior
- 5. Which type of memory is responsible for temporarily holding and manipulating information needed for cognitive tasks?
A) Working memory
B) Long-term memory
C) Sensory memory
D) Semantic memory
- 6. What is the term for providing positive feedback or rewards to strengthen a desired behavior?
A) Punishment
B) Association
C) Observation
D) Reinforcement
- 7. What concept refers to the mental activities involved in encoding, storing, and retrieving information?
A) Imagination
B) Empathy
C) Memory
D) Perception
- 8. Which researcher is known for his work on the stages of cognitive development in children?
A) Ivan Pavlov
B) B.F. Skinner
C) Abraham Maslow
D) Jean Piaget
- 9. What term describes the mental process of making sense of new information by relating it to existing knowledge?
A) Assimilation
B) Accommodation
C) Deduction
D) Interpolation
- 10. What theory proposes that individuals have different intelligences and learn in different ways?
A) Behaviorism
B) Psychometric theory
C) Multiple intelligences theory
D) Social cognitive theory
- 11. What is the term for adjusting one's teaching based on feedback from students?
A) Criterion-referenced assessment
B) Formative assessment
C) Summative assessment
D) Norm-referenced assessment
- 12. What is the term for students adjusting their learning strategies based on their understanding of their own learning process?
A) Groupthink
B) Behaviorism
C) Cultural relativism
D) Metacognition
- 13. What term describes an individual’s belief in their ability to succeed in specific situations or accomplish a task?
A) Self-awareness
B) Self-regulation
C) Self-efficacy
D) Self-esteem
- 14. According to Erikson’s theory of psychosocial development, the stage that is typically experienced during adolescence is ________.
A) Trust vs. Mistrust
B) Integrity vs. Despair
C) Identity vs. Role Confusion
D) Generativity vs. Stagnation
- 15. The concept of 'zone of proximal development' is associated with the work of ________.
A) Albert Bandura
B) Erik Erikson
C) Lev Vygotsky
D) Jean Piaget
- 16. What term describes the ability to regulate one’s emotions, thoughts, and actions effectively in different situations?
A) Self-awareness
B) Self-regulation
C) Self-control
D) Self-discipline
- 17. Which type of intelligence involves the ability to understand and manage one’s own emotions, as well as understand the emotions of others?
A) Emotional intelligence
B) Analytical intelligence
C) Creative intelligence
D) Practical intelligence
- 18. What term describes the process of reinforcing successive approximations toward a desired behavior?
A) Modeling
B) Shaping
C) Observational learning
D) Chaining
- 19. What psychological perspective emphasizes the role of observable behaviors and environmental influences on learning?
A) Sociocultural theory
B) Humanistic psychology
C) Behaviorism
D) Cognitive psychology
- 20. According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, which level must be satisfied before an individual can focus on higher-order needs such as self-actualization?
A) Esteem needs
B) Love and belongingness needs
C) Safety needs
D) Physiological needs
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