NM HISTORY FINAL EXAM
  • 1. What do historians study to learn about the past?
A) Primary and secondary sources from multiple perspectives
B) Only secondary sources
C) Primary and secondary sources from one person’s perspective
D) Only primary sources
  • 2. Why is it important to study history from multiple perspectives?
A) Because the first perspective is always wrong
B) Because you can learn more about historic events
C) Because studying only one perspective would be boring
D) Because it is a state law
  • 3. What makes someone a historical thinker?
A) Someone who enjoys history
B) Someone who questions history and draws conclusions
C) Someone who creates his or her own history
D) Someone who wants to live just like people did in the past
  • 4. What is geography?
A) The study of the earth's land, water, people, plants and animals
B) The study of rocks and minerals
C) The study of plants and animals and their habitats
D) The study of weather patterns over time
  • 5. The five themes of geography are:
A) North America, South America, Europe, Asia, and Africa
B) Igneous, sedimentary, metamorphic, lava, and sand
C) Location, place, human-environment interaction, movement, and region
D) Deciduous, coniferous, Mediterranean, maritime, and arctic
  • 6. TheUnited States is divided into regions because:
A) The regions are next to each other.
B) The regions are all by the ocean.
C) The regions share at least one common feature.
D) The regions are all in the South.
  • 7. Some of the tools geographers use are:
A) Calipers, scales, plumb bobs, and rulers
B) Barometers, sextons, wind socks, and altimeters
C) Maps, globes, satellite imagery, and aerial photographs
D) Humidifiers, seismographs, x-rays, and sonographs
  • 8. New Mexico is part of the Southwest region with which other states?
A) Utah, Colorado, and Arizona
B) California, Nevada, and Arizona
C) Texas, Oklahoma and Arizona
D) Colorado, Wyoming, and Montana
  • 9. The four provinces of New Mexico are:
A) Antelope, Snakes, Bats, and Rodents
B) Rocky Mountains, Colorado Plateau, Great Plains, and Basin and Range
C) Desert, Mountain, River, and Lake
D) Sunshine, Monsoon, Dust Storm, and Wind
  • 10. How are life zone's determined?
A) By longitude
B) By elevation
C) By rock type
D) By latitude
  • 11. What is New Mexico’s most precious resource?
A) gold
B) Water
C) sunshine
D) uranium
  • 12. New Mexico is in what two hemispheres?
A) Northern and Eastern
B) Northern and Western
C) Southern and Eastern
D) Southern and Western
  • 13. Which item is a secondary source?
A) A shoe
B) A diary
C) A history textbook
D) A photograph
  • 14. What is the role of an archaeologist?
A) To hunt for food
B) To write about modern people
C) To study prehistoric people
D) To investigate crime scenes
  • 15. Which of the following statements is not correct?
A) The Paleo people made Clovis points.
B) The Paleo people lived in pit houses.
C) The Paleo people hunted very large animals.
D) The Paleo people were nomadic.
  • 16. Which of the following was not an innovation of the Archaic people?
A) Pit houses
B) Mano and metate
C) Atlatl
D) Pueblo houses
  • 17. The Mogollon people were first to do what in New Mexico?
A) Farm full time
B) Hunt
C) Build pueblos
D) Live the nomadic lifestyle
  • 18. What did the Ancestral Puebloans do to meet the growing need for housing?
A) They moved west for more land.
B) They began to build multi-level pueblos.
C) They began to build multi-level pit houses.
D) They spread out across more of the land.
  • 19. Which of the following statements about Chaco Canyon is not true?
A) It is an Ancestral Puebloan city.
B) It has many pueblo houses.
C) Its largest city was Pueblo Bonito.
D) t was made by modern Apache Indians.
  • 20. The Diné people developed into which two groups of people?
A) The Mogollon and Ancestral Puebloans
B) The Folsom and Clovis people
C) The Paleo and Archaic people
D) The Navajo and Apache
  • 21. Which tribe is the largest group of Native Americans in New Mexico and the second-largest group of Native Americans in the United States?
A) Archaic
B) Apache
C) Mogollon
D) Navajo
  • 22. What were the Apache best known for?
A) Being fierce warriors
B) Being great musicians
C) Being the first farmers
D) Being skilled craftsmen
  • 23. Kivas were used for all of the following except:
A) Storage
B) Religion
C) Ceremonies
D) A gathering place
  • 24. What led to Mexico’s independence from Spain?
A) Power struggles
B) A desire to stay with Spain
C) Corrupt government practices
D) Help from Americans in the Spanish American War
  • 25. What happened in New Mexico after Mexico gained independence from Spain?
A) New Mexico became part of the United States.
B) New Mexico experienced political instability.
C) New Mexico gave land to the United States.
D) Spain fought Mexico for New Mexico.
  • 26. What did more trade routes and an increase in trade do for New Mexico?
A) It made New Mexico less isolated.
B) It increased New Mexico’s crime rate.
C) It decreased job opportunities.
D) It did not help or hurt New Mexico.
  • 27. What was the cause of the Chimayo Rebellion?
A) Political corruption and public greed
B) An unpopular governor implementing new tax policies
C) An attack from Mexico over new trade laws
D) There was no rebellion in 1837
  • 28. What created tense relations between Texans and New Mexicans?
A) Preferential treatment from Mexico
B) Desire for more land
C) There were good relations
D) Unfair trading practices
  • 29. What started the Mexican American War of 1846?
A) United States annexed Texas
B) Corrupt government in Mexico
C) Border disputes over Texas
D) Dishonest Mexican peace delegates
  • 30. What did Mexico agree to in the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo?
A) To give the United States New Mexico but nothing else
B) To have peace with the United States for 10 years
C) To give the United States a third of its land, not including New Mexico
D) To give the United States a third of its land, including New Mexico
  • 31. Which of the following is not true about the Mexican American War?
A) Mexico won the war.
B) It was sparked by disputes over the Texas border.
C) During a rebellion, Governor Bent was killed.
D) It started with the peaceful surrender of General Armijo.
  • 32. How did New Mexicans feel about slavery in their territory?
A) All New Mexicans wanted slavery.
B) All New Mexicans did not want slavery.
C) Slavery was not an issue if New Mexico
D) Some New Mexicans wanted slavery and some did not.
  • 33. What happened after Carson used a scorched-earth campaign to force the Indians to surrender?
A) The Indians joined with the Confederates.
B) The Indians endured the Navajo Long Walk and confinement at Bosque Redondo
C) The Indians were given adequate supplies.
D) The Indians endured the Trail of Tears and confinement at Bosque Redondo.
  • 34. Which Indian tribes fought against the Americans to keep their way of life?
A) Apache and Pueblo
B) Navajo and Taos
C) Pueblo and Navajo
D) Navajo and Apache
  • 35. Why did the Confederates want the Southwest?
A) To prove they could conquer it
B) To pay for the war
C) To appease their soldiers
D) To live somewhere new
  • 36. How did the white people try to make the Indian culture appear more like their own?
A) They made friends with the Indians and showed them what they thought were more efficient ways of living.
B) They made it against the law for tribes to participate in any tribal ceremonies unless a white person was there.
C) They made it against the law for Indians to speak any language besides English.
D) They created boarding schools for the Indian children to learn the ways of white people.
  • 37. Which of the following is not one of the trails from New Mexico to California?
A) Butterfield Overland Trail
B) Cooke’s Wagon Road
C) Old Spanish Trail
D) Maxwell Overland Trail
  • 38. People came to New Mexico for a lot of these reasons except:
A) To get a new start
B) To buy cheap land
C) To learn Spanish
D) To get gold
  • 39. Which religion faced challenges from new missionaries and their new bishop?
A) The Catholic religion
B) The Jewish religion
C) The Muslim religion
D) The Protestant religion
  • 40. The government gave land to settlers, but what problem did the settlers have in eastern New Mexico?
A) Farming was difficult in that area.
B) The ground was too fertile.
C) There was too much rainfall.
D) They had too many crops to sell.
  • 41. Which of the following were not helped by the railroad?
A) Los Hermanos Penitentes
B) Business owners
C) Tourists
D) Families wanting to move to the territory
  • 42. All of the following contributed to New Mexico’s lawlessness except:
A) Few guns
B) Few lawmen
C) Many places to hide
D) Few judges
  • 43. Which war was sparked by a conflict over political and economic power in New Mexico Territory?
A) The Lincoln County War
B) The Civil War
C) The Colfax County War
D) The Spanish American War
  • 44. Disputes over land grants and water rights often resulted in what?
A) Trade
B) Friendships
C) Peace treaties
D) Violence
  • 45. For how many years was New Mexico a territory?
A) 16 years
B) 61 years
C) 26 years
D) 62 years
  • 46. Which of the following was not an issue in New Mexico becoming a state?
A) Concerns about corruption
B) Population size
C) Violence of the Wild West
D) Concerns about loyalty
  • 47. What did New Mexicans do in the Spanish American War to prove their loyalty?
A) Sent letters of encouragement
B) Fought in the Rough Riders
C) Refused to fight
D) Only sent supplies
  • 48. New Mexico was the ___ state to join the United States.
A) 26th
B) 47th
C) 45th
D) 34th
  • 49. What strained relations between Mexico and the United States?
A) Mexico taking land from the United States
B) The U.S. Army’s surrender to Mexico during the Mexican Expedition
C) Mexico’s pursuit of the U.S. Army
D) The U.S. Army’s pursuit of Pancho Villa
  • 50. Which of the following is not an example of how New Mexico contributed to World War I?
A) Farmers and ranchers raised and produced food to feed troops.
B) New Mexico only allowed men to help with the war.
C) Women helped run farms and ranches while the men were away at war.
D) NewMexicousedsomeofitslandastraining camps for soldiers.
  • 51. Why are the 1920s remembered as a time of prosperity?
A) Because it was a time of many world wars
B) Because it was a decade of economic and cultural growth for New Mexico and the United States
C) Because it was a time when many were losing their jobs and living in poverty
D) Because that is what the government said it should be called
  • 52. What is Black Tuesday?
A) The day World War II started
B) The day the sun did not shine for 24 hours
C) The day when African Americans received equal rights
D) The day of the worst stock market crash in history
  • 53. Which of the following was not a cause of the Great Depression?
A) The stock market crash
B) Many people lost their jobs
C) Many companies went bankrupt
D) Many new businesses and jobs were created
  • 54. What was the goal of the Indian Reorganization Act?
A) To reorganize Native Americans onto smaller reservations
B) To try and fix problems for Native Americans that were created by earlier policies
C) To take more land from Native Americans
D) To try and make Native Americans live like white men
  • 55. How did NM help during WWII?
A) By only providing supplies to the US military
B) By refusing to send men to fight in the war
C) By providing soldiers, suppplies, and new weapons to the US
D) by only providing women to fight in the war
  • 56. In what state ws the Manhattan Project located?
A) Arizona
B) New Mexico
C) California
D) Texas
  • 57. Why were all people of Japenese descent who lived on the west Coast put in internment camps?
A) The government wanted to keep Japanese Americans safe from attacks by other Americans
B) The government did not want Japanese soldiers to kidnap Japanese Americans.
C) Some people thought Japanese Americans living on the West Coast might give information or help to Japan during the war.
D) Hitler ordered the US government to do it
  • 58. What ended World War II in Japan?
A) Dropping atomic bombs on Germany and Italy
B) The attack on Pearl Harbor
C) The surrender of German armies
D) Dropping atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki
  • 59. What did the war do for New Mexico’s economy?
A) t only created jobs for women and children New Mexico.
B) It created jobs for New Mexicans, and many cities in New Mexico grew.
C) It caused more people to lose their jobs
D) It increased debt and caused more businesses to close.
  • 60. What war began at the end of World War II?
A) The Korean War
B) The Cold War
C) World War III
D) The Vietnam War
  • 61. What two wars were part of the Cold War?
A) The Korean and Vietnam wars
B) The Vietnam War and World War III
C) World War II and the Pearl Harbor War
D) The Iraq and Afghanistan wars
  • 62. Which of the following is not true regarding New Mexico’s contributions during the Cold War?
A) Bombs and weapons were invented and tested in New Mexico.
B) New Mexican laboratories invented nuclear bombs, missiles, and other important weapons.
C) Air bases and tunnels in New Mexico were used to store atomic bombs.
D) The New Mexican government would only allow missiles to be tested in New Mexico but refused to test bombs in the state.
  • 63. Who participated in the arms race and space race?
A) The Soviet Union and Germany
B) The United States and Japan
C) The United States and Germany
D) The United States and the Soviet Union
  • 64. What brought more people to New Mexico during the Cold War?
A) The promise of greater wealth by working for the Soviet government
B) Tourism
C) Job opportunities in the military, national labs, and mining industries
D) Many people knew New Mexico had plenty of land to hide from Communists
  • 65. What was the Civil Rights Movement?
A) The title of the famous speech given by Reverend Martin Luther King, Jr.
B) The time period between the end of World War II and the beginning of the Vietnam War
C) The efforts of blacks to challenge the discrimination they faced in parts of New Mexico and across the country
D) The efforts of white people in New Mexico to give the black and Hispanic populations equal rights
  • 66. What was the goal of La Alianza?
A) To reclaim lost land grants
B) To give more land to the U.S. government
C) To get better working conditions for farm workers
D) To allow Hispanic students to speak Spanish in school
  • 67. Why did the Pueblo Indians fight for ownership of Blue Lake?
A) Because it was an important place of worship for their tribe and helped to preserve their culture.
B) Because they wanted to give it to the Hispanic people
C) Because they wanted to find treasure their ancestors had buried in it
D) Because the U.S. government was using it as a storage site for garbage
  • 68. What is considered New Mexico’s number-one problem?
A) Land shortage
B) A lack of government leadership
C) Excess water
D) Water shortage
  • 69. Why does government exist?
A) To take away the people’s rights
B) To settle disputes between neighbors
C) To promote the public good
D) To force citizens to obey laws
  • 70. Which of the following governments is not supported in the U.S. and New Mexico constitutions?
A) Local
B) Tribal
C) Federal
D) Provincial
  • 71. Which of the following statements is true?
A) You have responsibilities because of your rights.
B) You have rights with no responsibilities.
C) You have responsibilities with no rights.
D) You have no rights or responsibilities.
  • 72. Which of the following is not a right guaranteed by the Bill of Rights ?
A) Choice of Judge
B) Freedom of Religion
C) Freedom of Speech
D) Trial by Jury
  • 73. What are the three branches of government?
A) Legislative, executive, general
B) Legislative, executive, judicial
C) Legislative, general, judicial
D) General, executive, judicial
  • 74. Which document outlines the structure and function of the state legislature?
A) The New Mexico Constitution
B) The Declaration of Independence
C) The U.S. Constitution
D) The Federalist Papers
  • 75. Who determines the structure and function of tribal government?
A) The Supreme Court
B) Each Indian tribe
C) New Mexico’s state government
D) The federal government
  • 76. What is critical to the success of a democratic society?
A) Unfair voting restrictions
B) New laws to discuss
C) Disagreements
D) Sound leadership
  • 77. Which is not an example of trade?
A) Exchanging your old hoodie for your friend’s baseball cap
B) Taking something without paying for it
C) Buying lunch
D) Selling your old bicycle
  • 78. What is the most widely accepted form of exchange in most countries?
A) gold and silver
B) begging
C) money
D) batering
  • 79. Which of the following is not something that banks do?
A) Help people manage their money
B) Provide loans for people
C) Use your money to go on vacations
D) Pay people interest for keeping money in the bank
  • 80. What is a free enterprise market system?
A) An economic system where the governor determines value and price
B) An economic system completely controlled by the government
C) An economic system where supply and demand determine value and price
D) An economic system where all goods and services are free of charge
  • 81. What other economic systems are found in New Mexico?
A) Tribal economies
B) Command economies
C) Animal-powered economies
D) Traditional economies
  • 82. Our free enterprise system directly impacts decisions at all of the following levels of government except:
A) Provincial government
B) Tribal government
C) Local government
D) State government
  • 83. Relying on others to make products we need in exchange for the products we specialize in is:
A) economic sharing
B) cultural awareness
C) specialization
D) interdependence
  • 84. What does tourism do for our state’s economy?
A) it hurts the economy
B) it helps the economy
C) it does not impact the economy
D) there is no tourism in NM
  • 85. Which resource do we not have enough of to meet our needs?
A) chilies
B) bread
C) water
D) coal
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