- 1. Kinesiology is the scientific study of human movement and is closely related to exercise physiology and performance science. Kinesiologists analyze how the body moves and functions during physical activity, focusing on areas such as anatomy, biomechanics, and metabolism. They use their expertise to help individuals improve their overall health and physical performance through tailored exercise programs and lifestyle modifications. The field of kinesiology encompasses a wide range of disciplines, including sports medicine, fitness training, and rehabilitation. By understanding the complexities of human movement, kinesiologists play a vital role in optimizing performance, preventing injuries, and enhancing quality of life for individuals of all ages and abilities.
What is the primary energy system used for maximal intensity, short duration activities like a 100m sprint?
A) Krebs cycle
B) Anaerobic glycolysis
C) Phosphocreatine system
D) Aerobic system
- 2. Which muscle fiber type is primarily used in activities requiring endurance, such as long-distance running?
A) Type IIa (fast-twitch oxidative-glycolytic)
B) Type I (slow-twitch)
C) Type IIx (fast-twitch glycolytic)
D) Type III (intermediate)
- 3. What term refers to the maximum amount of force that a muscle or group of muscles can generate in a single, maximal effort?
A) Power
B) Muscular endurance
C) Flexibility
D) Muscular strength
- 4. What term describes the ability to move a joint through its complete range of motion?
A) Balance
B) Flexibility
C) Coordination
D) Agility
- 5. What respiratory variable is commonly used to estimate aerobic fitness?
A) VO2 max
B) Tidal volume
C) Respiratory rate
D) Expiratory reserve volume
- 6. Which hormone is often referred to as the 'stress hormone' that is released in response to physical or psychological stress?
A) Growth hormone
B) Cortisol
C) Insulin
D) Adrenaline
- 7. What is the minimum recommended frequency for resistance training to see improvements in muscular strength and endurance?
A) 2-3 times per week
B) 4-5 times per week
C) Once per week
D) Every day
- 8. What is the term for the point during exercise when blood lactate levels rapidly increase due to anaerobic metabolism?
A) Lactate threshold
B) VO2 max
C) Steady state
D) Anaerobic threshold
- 9. What term refers to the volume of blood ejected from the heart with each beat?
A) Pulse pressure
B) Stroke volume
C) Cardiac output
D) Heart rate
- 10. What is the term for the build-up of blood lactate and hydrogen ions in the muscles during high-intensity exercise?
A) Glycogen depletion
B) Mitochondrial fatigue
C) Metabolic acidosis
D) Alkalosis
- 11. Which component of fitness is most closely related to the ability to change body position quickly and accurately?
A) Balance
B) Flexibility
C) Power
D) Agility
- 12. What is a common test used to assess anaerobic power and capacity?
A) Cooper run test
B) VO2 max test
C) Treadmill stress test
D) Wingate test
- 13. What is the term for the process by which the heart rate returns to resting levels after exercise?
A) Adaptation
B) Recovery
C) Steady state
D) Cooldown
- 14. What term refers to the reduction in muscle size and strength due to inactivity or detraining?
A) Muscle atrophy
B) Muscle hypertrophy
C) Muscle fatigue
D) Muscle hyperplasia
- 15. What is the recommended frequency of cardiovascular exercise per week for general health benefits?
A) 150 minutes
B) 60 minutes
C) 90 minutes
D) 300 minutes
- 16. What is the formula for calculating maximum heart rate (HRmax)?
A) 230 - age
B) 220 - age
C) 210 - age
D) 200 - age
- 17. Which muscle acts as the primary mover during a bicep curl exercise?
A) Biceps brachii
B) Pectoralis major
C) Deltoid
D) Triceps brachii
- 18. What is the function of hemoglobin during exercise?
A) Regulate body temperature
B) Transport oxygen to working muscles
C) Store excess glucose
D) Remove carbon dioxide from muscles
- 19. What is the term for the amount of blood pumped by the heart in one minute?
A) Cardiac output
B) Ejection fraction
C) Heart rate
D) Stroke volume
- 20. Which muscle is an antagonist to the quadriceps during knee flexion?
A) Hamstrings
B) Tensor fasciae latae
C) Sartorius
D) Gluteus maximus
- 21. What type of training involves alternating between high-intensity exercise and rest periods?
A) Fartlek training
B) Continuous training
C) Circuit training
D) Interval training
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