- 1. Educational psychology is a branch of psychology that is dedicated to understanding how people learn and how different teaching methods can be used to improve learning outcomes. It explores concepts such as motivation, memory, cognitive development, and problem-solving skills to help educators create effective learning environments. Educational psychologists also study the social and emotional factors that influence learning, such as student-teacher relationships, classroom management, and the impact of peer interactions. By applying psychological theories and research findings to educational settings, educational psychologists strive to enhance teaching practices and support the academic success and overall well-being of students.
Which is an example of intrinsic motivation in a classroom setting?
A) A student wanting to impress their parents
B) A student getting a reward for good behavior
C) A student being praised by the teacher
D) A student completing a project out of personal interest
- 2. What is the zone of proximal development according to Vygotsky?
A) A popular educational theory in the 19th century
B) The difference between what a learner can do with help and without help
C) The practice of zoning schools based on development levels
D) The area of the brain responsible for learning
- 3. In behaviorism, what is reinforcement intended to do?
A) Challenge students to think critically
B) Encourage cognitive challenges
C) Punish undesired behaviors
D) Increase the likelihood of a behavior being repeated
- 4. Which theorist is known for the stages of moral development?
A) Albert Bandura
B) Lawrence Kohlberg
C) Jean Piaget
D) Lev Vygotsky
- 5. What is the term for adjusting the difficulty of a task to match the individual's abilities?
A) Zoning
B) Alignment
C) Differentiation
D) Scaffolding
- 6. Which cognitive process involves categorizing information by identifying common features?
A) Concept formation
B) Decision-making
C) Memory storage
D) Problem-solving
- 7. What is the term for the ability to understand and regulate one's own emotions?
A) Emotional intelligence
B) Behavioral therapy
C) Cognitive development
D) Intellectual superiority
- 8. What is the primary goal of student-centered learning approaches?
A) To empower students to take ownership of their learning process
B) Prioritize strict assessment standards
C) Encourage passive learning through lectures
D) Facilitate teacher control over the classroom
- 9. According to the Information Processing Model, what role does attention play in memory?
A) Retrieving lost memories
B) Storing information long-term
C) Determining what information is processed into memory
D) Accessing memories when needed
- 10. Which theory emphasizes the importance of observational learning and social behavior?
A) Social Learning Theory
B) Cognitive Load Theory
C) Classical Conditioning
D) Operant Conditioning
- 11. What is the term for the understanding that something continues to exist even when it cannot be seen?
A) Theory of mind
B) Object permanence
C) Egocentrism
D) Conservation
- 12. What term is used to describe the gap between what students already know and what they can learn with support?
A) Zone of proximal development
B) Learning plateau
C) Cognitive dissonance
D) Critical period
- 13. Which concept refers to a person’s belief in their capability to perform a specific task or reach a goal?
A) Self-efficacy
B) Self-fulfilling prophecy
C) Self-actualization
D) Self-regulation
- 14. What is the term for using multiple senses to enhance memory?
A) Sensory overload
B) Monomodal learning
C) Selective attention
D) Multisensory learning
- 15. Which type of reasoning involves solving problems by searching for relevant information?
A) Inductive reasoning
B) Deductive reasoning
C) Heuristic reasoning
D) Analogical reasoning
- 16. What is the purpose of formative assessment in the classroom?
A) To assess students at the end of the semester
B) To rank students based on performance
C) To provide feedback and monitor student progress
D) To assign final grades
- 17. Which learning theory suggests that learning is an active process of creating meaning from experience?
A) Constructivism
B) Cognitivism
C) Humanism
D) Behaviorism
- 18. What does the term 'cognitive load' refer to in educational psychology?
A) The size of the school building
B) The number of students in a classroom
C) The mental effort required to process information
D) The weight of textbooks carried by students
- 19. At what stage of cognitive development do children understand the conservation of volume?
A) Sensorimotor stage
B) Concrete operational stage
C) Preoperational stage
D) Formal operational stage
- 20. What is the role of schemas in cognitive development according to Piaget?
A) Mechanisms for storing short-term memories
B) Mental structures that help organize knowledge
C) External rewards that motivate behavior
D) Factors that impede learning
- 21. What is the theory that suggests individuals have different preferred learning styles?
A) Zone of Proximal Development Theory
B) Schema Theory
C) Multiple Intelligences Theory
D) Social Learning Theory
- 22. Who is known for his theory of multiple intelligences?
A) B.F. Skinner
B) Jean Piaget
C) Erik Erikson
D) Howard Gardner
- 23. In behaviorism, what is the process of learning through reinforcement or punishment?
A) Cognitive Dissonance
B) Social Learning
C) Operant Conditioning
D) Metacognition
- 24. Who is best known for his theory of classical conditioning?
A) Ivan Pavlov
B) Edward Thorndike
C) Jean Piaget
D) Erik Erikson
- 25. According to Erik Erikson, what is the stage during which adolescents try to find a sense of self and personal identity?
A) Intimacy vs. Isolation
B) Industry vs. Inferiority
C) Generativity vs. Stagnation
D) Identity vs. Role Confusion
- 26. Who is recognized for his contributions to social constructivism and the concept of the zone of proximal development?
A) John Dewey
B) Edward Lee Thorndike
C) Lev Vygotsky
D) Albert Bandura
- 27. What is a commonly used method for assessing student understanding and learning progress?
A) Formative Assessment
B) Authentic Assessment
C) Summative Assessment
D) Norm-Referenced Assessment
- 28. Which study technique involves breaking down information into smaller parts to aid in understanding and retention?
A) Elaborative Rehearsal
B) Mnemonic Devices
C) Spacing Effect
D) Chunking
- 29. Who is best known for his studies on human memory and the forgetting curve?
A) Hermann Ebbinghaus
B) Jerome Bruner
C) Urie Bronfenbrenner
D) Kenneth Clark
- 30. The concept of forming a strong emotional bond at an early age is known as?
A) Attachment
B) Parenting
C) Bonding
D) Socialization
- 31. Who is recognized for his contributions to the study of observational learning and self-efficacy?
A) Kenneth Clark
B) Jerome Bruner
C) Edward Thorndike
D) Albert Bandura
- 32. What term refers to the process of thinking about thinking and monitoring one's cognitive processes?
A) Metacognition
B) Assimilation
C) Schema
D) Cognitive Dissonance
- 33. Who is known for his studies on the effects of rewards and punishments in learning and behavior?
A) Jean Piaget
B) Lev Vygotsky
C) B.F. Skinner
D) Abraham Maslow
- 34. According to Abraham Maslow, which needs must be satisfied first before higher-level needs can be addressed?
A) Esteem needs
B) Self-actualization needs
C) Safety needs
D) Physiological needs
- 35. What is the process of organizing and interpreting sensory information to give it meaning?
A) Learning
B) Memory
C) Cognition
D) Perception
- 36. Who introduced the concept of emotional intelligence and its impact on success in life?
A) Philippa Perry
B) David Perkins
C) Martin Seligman
D) Daniel Goleman
- 37. What is the term for a cognitive process that involves comparing new information to existing knowledge?
A) Accommodation.
B) Internalization.
C) Transformation.
D) Assimilation.
- 38. What is the term for the concept of rearranging and reconstructing cognitive structures to incorporate new information?
A) Accommodation.
B) Assimilation.
C) Integration.
D) Adaptation.
- 39. Which type of reinforcement occurs when a behavior is strengthened through the addition of a stimulus after the behavior occurs?
A) Positive reinforcement.
B) Punishment.
C) Negative reinforcement.
D) Extinction.
- 40. Which perspective in educational psychology focuses on the influence of culture on learning?
A) Biological perspective.
B) Sociocultural perspective.
C) Humanistic perspective.
D) Psychoanalytic perspective.
- 41. What is the term for the mental shortcuts or rules of thumb that people use to solve problems?
A) Cues.
B) Heuristics.
C) Algorithms.
D) Scripts.
- 42. What is the term for the mental process of reasoning, problem-solving, and decision-making?
A) Cognition
B) Memory
C) Attention
D) Perception
- 43. What is the term for the internal process that initiates, sustains, and regulates behavior?
A) Motivation
B) Arousal
C) Stress
D) Emotion
- 44. Who is known for the theory of cognitive development in children?
A) Jean Piaget
B) Abraham Maslow
C) Erik Erikson
D) Lev Vygotsky
- 45. What is the term for the mental process of recalling previously learned information?
A) Consolidation
B) Encoding
C) Elaboration
D) Retrieval
- 46. What is the term for the mental representation of knowledge?
A) Heuristic
B) Schema
C) Algorithm
D) Prototype
- 47. Who proposed the concept of the hierarchy of needs?
A) Abraham Maslow
B) Erik Erikson
C) Carl Rogers
D) Lev Vygotsky
- 48. Who outlined the stages of psychosocial development in humans?
A) Erik Erikson
B) Jean Piaget
C) Lev Vygotsky
D) Sigmund Freud
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