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Molecular virology
Contributed by: Mead
  • 1. Molecular virology is a branch of virology that focuses on studying the genetic material, replication, and interactions of viruses at the molecular level. This field delves into the structure and function of viral components such as nucleic acids, proteins, and membranes, and their intricate roles in viral infection and pathogenesis. By investigating the molecular mechanisms underlying viral replication, host-virus interactions, immune responses, and antiviral strategies, molecular virologists contribute significantly to our understanding of viral diseases and the development of novel therapeutics and vaccines.

    What is a viral capsid?
A) Lipid membrane surrounding virus
B) Enzyme that breaks down host cell DNA
C) Protein shell that encloses viral genome
D) Energy-producing organelle
  • 2. What is a bacteriophage?
A) Virus that infects animals
B) Virus that infects plants
C) Virus that infects bacteria
D) Virus that infects fungi
  • 3. Which enzyme is crucial for retrovirus replication?
A) DNA polymerase
B) Reverse transcriptase
C) RNA polymerase
D) Ligase
  • 4. What is the function of a viral envelope?
A) Produces energy
B) Protects viral genome
C) Regulates gene expression
D) Facilitates entry into host cell
  • 5. What is antigenic drift in viruses?
A) Rapid and massive change in viral genome
B) Mutation in viral replication enzyme
C) No change in viral structure
D) Minor changes in viral proteins over time
  • 6. How do vaccines protect against viral infections?
A) By directly destroying viruses
B) By triggering the immune system to produce antibodies
C) By inhibiting viral replication
D) By increasing viral mutation rate
  • 7. What is the role of a viroporin in virus replication?
A) Packages viral genome into new virus particles
B) Promotes immune response against virus
C) Forms channels in host cell membrane for viral entry and release
D) Helps virus replicate its genome
  • 8. What do helical symmetries refer to in viruses?
A) Response of host cells to viral infection
B) Mode of viral transmission
C) Type of viral envelope
D) Structure of viral capsid proteins arranged in a helix
  • 9. Which virus is responsible for causing AIDS?
A) Herpes Simplex Virus
B) Influenza Virus
C) Rotavirus
D) HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus)
  • 10. How do virophages differ from traditional viruses?
A) Replicate outside of host cell
B) Contain both DNA and RNA genomes
C) Infect other viruses rather than host cells
D) Are larger in size
  • 11. What is the importance of viral receptors in host specificity?
A) Determines which host cells a virus can infect
B) Aids in viral replication
C) Regulates viral protein expression
D) Produces energy for virus
  • 12. What is the viral protein that helps to initiate the synthesis of viral RNA from the viral DNA template called?
A) Primase
B) Helicase
C) DNA polymerase
D) RNA polymerase
  • 13. Which viral family does the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) belong to?
A) Herpesviridae
B) Orthomyxoviridae
C) Retroviridae
D) Picornaviridae
  • 14. What is the term for a virus that infects bacteria?
A) Phage virus
B) Prokaryophage
C) Bacteriophage
D) Bacterial virus
  • 15. What is the term for the process by which viruses acquire new genetic material from different sources?
A) Mutation
B) Replication
C) Recombination
D) Translation
  • 16. What is the virus that causes COVID-19 classified as?
A) Rhabdovirus
B) Coronavirus
C) Paramyxovirus
D) Filovirus
  • 17. Which cellular organelle is often exploited by viruses for replication and assembly of viral particles?
A) Golgi apparatus
B) Endoplasmic reticulum
C) Mitochondria
D) Nucleus
  • 18. What is the name given to a virus particle outside a host cell that consists of a nucleic acid core surrounded by a protein coat?
A) Virion
B) Spike
C) Capsid
D) Envelope
  • 19. Which viral disease has been eradicated through a successful vaccination campaign?
A) Smallpox
B) Ebola
C) Influenza
D) Polio
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