- 1. Mount Nyiragongo is an active stratovolcano located in the Virunga Mountain range of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, near the town of Goma. Famous for its exceptionally active lava lake, Nyiragongo's summit is home to one of the world's most dangerous and volatile volcanoes, characterized by a persistent, bubbling lava pool that can reach temperatures of over 1,000 degrees Celsius. The volcano stands at an elevation of approximately 3,470 meters (11,382 feet) and has erupted numerous times since its first recorded eruption in 1882, with the most devastating eruption occurring in January 2002, which led to the destruction of parts of Goma and the displacement of thousands of residents. The region surrounding Nyiragongo is rich in biodiversity, being part of the Virunga National Park, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, which houses diverse wildlife, including mountain gorillas and various endemic species. The breathtaking views from its summit, along with the mesmerizing sight of the glowing lava lake, make Mount Nyiragongo a popular destination for adventurous hikers and researchers, although it is important to approach with caution due to its unpredictable nature. The local communities around the volcano often coexist with the threat it poses, balancing their reliance on the rich volcanic soil for agriculture with the ever-present risk of eruptions.
What country is Mount Nyiragongo located in?
A) Rwanda
B) Democratic Republic of the Congo
C) Uganda
D) Burundi
- 2. What is the primary feature of Mount Nyiragongo's summit?
A) Fumaroles
B) Lava lake
C) Crater ash
D) Ice cap
- 3. What year did the major eruption of Mount Nyiragongo occur that devastated the city of Goma?
A) 1987
B) 1994
C) 2010
D) 2002
- 4. What is the height of Mount Nyiragongo?
A) 3,470 meters
B) 3,200 meters
C) 4,123 meters
D) 2,850 meters
- 5. Mount Nyiragongo is part of which mountain range?
A) Rwenzori Mountains
B) Virunga Mountains
C) Himalayas
D) Andes
- 6. Which city lies at the foot of Mount Nyiragongo?
A) Goma
B) Kinshasa
C) Kampala
D) Kigali
- 7. In which year did Mount Nyiragongo last erupt as of 2023?
A) 2018
B) 2020
C) 2021
D) 2010
- 8. What geological feature is formed when lava rapidly cools in water?
A) Scoria
B) Pillow lava
C) Obsidian
D) Tuff
- 9. Which of the following is true about the lava lake in Mount Nyiragongo?
A) It is among the most active lava lakes in the world.
B) It contains fresh water.
C) It has turned into a glacier.
D) It is stagnant.
- 10. Which organization monitors volcanic activity in the region around Mount Nyiragongo?
A) Smithsonian Institution
B) Goma Volcano Observatory
C) NASA
D) United Nations
- 11. What geological activity often precedes an eruption of Mount Nyiragongo?
A) Earthquakes
B) Landslides
C) Frost quakes
D) Tsunamis
- 12. What was the biggest impact of the 2002 eruption of Mount Nyiragongo?
A) Formation of a new crater
B) Creation of a new island
C) Destruction of infrastructure in Goma
D) Significant increase in tourism
- 13. What geological feature does Mount Nyiragongo belong to?
A) Rocky Mountains
B) Himalayas
C) East African Rift
D) Mid-Atlantic Ridge
- 14. Which of the following is a common volcanic gas released by Nyiragongo?
A) Argon
B) Ozone
C) Carbon monoxide
D) Sulfur dioxide
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