- 1. Marxism is a social, political, and economic theory developed by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels in the 19th century. It is based on the idea that history is a continuous struggle between classes, specifically between the ruling class (bourgeoisie) and the working class (proletariat). According to Marxism, this class conflict is at the core of all societal problems. The ultimate goal of Marxism is to create a classless society where the means of production are owned collectively, eliminating social inequality and exploitation. Marxism also emphasizes the importance of revolution as a means of achieving social change, with the eventual establishment of a communist society where all individuals are equal and have their needs met. Critics of Marxism argue that it is impractical and leads to authoritarianism, while supporters view it as a necessary tool for challenging and transforming oppressive systems.
Who was the founding father of Marxism?
A) Leon Trotsky
B) Karl Marx
C) Friedrich Engels
D) Vladimir Lenin
- 2. Which book did Karl Marx co-write with Friedrich Engels?
A) The Communist Manifesto
B) Das Kapital
C) Animal Farm
D) 1984
- 3. What economic system does Marxism critique?
A) Communism
B) Capitalism
C) Socialism
D) Feudalism
- 4. What is the term for the social class that owns the means of production in Marxism?
A) Proletariat
B) Peasantry
C) Intellectuals
D) Bourgeoisie
- 5. What is the ultimate goal of Marxism?
A) A classless society
B) Monopoly control
C) World domination
D) Military superiority
- 6. Who led the Bolshevik Revolution in Russia, which brought Marxism to power?
A) Vladimir Lenin
B) Mikhail Gorbachev
C) Joseph Stalin
D) Leon Trotsky
- 7. What is the term for the working class in Marxism?
A) Aristocracy
B) Bourgeoisie
C) Lumpenproletariat
D) Proletariat
- 8. What is the term for the exploitation of the working class by the ruling class according to Marxism?
A) Surplus value
B) Income inequality
C) Budget surplus
D) Trade deficit
- 9. Who was the leader of China's Communist Party during the Cultural Revolution?
A) Xi Jinping
B) Deng Xiaoping
C) Mao Zedong
D) Chiang Kai-shek
- 10. What is the term for the process of increasing the economic power and influence of a country or business beyond its borders?
A) Nationalism
B) Colonialism
C) Imperialism
D) Globalization
- 11. Who was a prominent Marxist revolutionary in Latin America, leading the Cuban Revolution?
A) Hugo Chávez
B) Evo Morales
C) Che Guevara
D) Fidel Castro
- 12. In Marxism, what is the term used to describe government control of the economy and means of production?
A) Free enterprise
B) Market economy
C) Laissez-faire
D) Central planning
- 13. Which philosopher greatly influenced Marx's ideas on historical materialism?
A) Kant
B) Descartes
C) Nietzsche
D) Hegel
- 14. Which economic concept in Marxism refers to the workers' lack of ownership over the products of their labor?
A) Exploitation
B) Profit motive
C) Alienation
D) Surplus value
- 15. Which revolution in 1917 led to the establishment of a socialist government in Russia?
A) French Revolution
B) Industrial Revolution
C) American Revolution
D) October Revolution
- 16. What is the term for the process of workers selling their labor for a wage in capitalism?
A) Homesteading
B) Wage labor
C) Self-employment
D) Entrepreneurship
- 17. What does Marxism critique about capitalism?
A) Equal distribution of wealth
B) Class harmony
C) Exploitation of the working class
D) Lack of private property
- 18. Which economic system does Marxism advocate for?
A) Socialism
B) Capitalism
C) Feudalism
D) Communism
- 19. The Communist Manifesto was written by Karl Marx and ____?
A) Friedrich Engels
B) Vladimir Lenin
C) Josef Stalin
D) Mao Zedong
- 20. What is the name of the book where Marx laid out his economic theory?
A) The Wealth of Nations
B) The Road to Serfdom
C) Atlas Shrugged
D) Das Kapital
- 21. Which term describes the process of workers coming to identify with the interests of capitalists rather than their own class interests?
A) Alienation
B) Revolutionary spirit
C) False consciousness
D) Class solidarity
- 22. What did Marx describe as the 'opiate of the masses'?
A) Education
B) Social media
C) Entertainment
D) Religion
- 23. According to Marxism, what leads to the eventual downfall of capitalism?
A) Global trade agreements
B) Technological advancements
C) External military conquest
D) Internal contradictions and class struggle
- 24. Which term refers to the theory of historical development in Marxism?
A) Determinism
B) Historical materialism
C) Relativism
D) Existentialism
- 25. What term is used in Marxism to describe the surplus value extracted from labor?
A) Wage
B) Rent
C) Interest
D) Profit
- 26. Which term describes the transition from feudalism to capitalism according to Marxist theory?
A) Feudal disintegration
B) Class emergence
C) Primitive accumulation
D) Market expansion
- 27. Which branch of Marxism focuses on the cultural aspects of society?
A) Economic Marxism
B) Political Marxism
C) Revolutionary Marxism
D) Cultural Marxism
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