- 1. Hydrodynamics is the study of the motion and behavior of liquids in response to external forces. It is a branch of fluid dynamics that focuses on understanding how fluids, such as water and oil, flow and interact with their surroundings. Hydrodynamics plays a crucial role in various fields, including engineering, oceanography, and environmental science. By analyzing the principles of hydrodynamics, researchers can design efficient structures, predict water movements in oceans and rivers, and develop strategies to mitigate environmental impacts. Overall, hydrodynamics is essential for comprehending the complex dynamics of fluid systems and their practical applications in the real world.
What is hydrodynamics?
A) Study of earthquakes
B) Study of Earth's atmosphere
C) Study of fluids in motion
D) Study of static fluids
- 2. Which law states that the pressure exerted by a fluid at any point is the same in all directions?
A) Pascal's law
B) Archimedes' principle
C) Boyle's law
D) Bernoulli's principle
- 3. What is the study of the motion of gases and liquids?
A) Electrodynamics
B) Thermodynamics
C) Kinematics
D) Fluid dynamics
- 4. Which term refers to the resistance of a fluid to flow?
A) Density
B) Buoyancy
C) Pressure
D) Viscosity
- 5. What is the SI unit of viscosity?
A) Pascal-second
B) Newton
C) Joule
D) Watt
- 6. Which principle states that as the velocity of a fluid increases, its pressure decreases?
A) Newton's first law
B) Boyle's law
C) Archimedes' principle
D) Bernoulli's principle
- 7. What term refers to the force per unit area exerted on a surface by the weight of the air above that surface in the Earth's atmosphere?
A) Surface tension
B) Viscous force
C) Buoyant force
D) Atmospheric pressure
- 8. Which law describes the relationship between pressure and volume of a gas at constant temperature?
A) Boyle's law
B) Avogadro's law
C) Gay-Lussac's law
D) Charles's law
- 9. What is the term for the force that enables objects to float in a fluid?
A) Tension
B) Gravity
C) Buoyancy
D) Friction
- 10. Which of the following properties of a fluid affects its buoyancy?
A) Temperature
B) Density
C) Viscosity
D) Pressure
- 11. What is the study of the motion of air and other gases?
A) Aerodynamics
B) Geophysics
C) Quantum mechanics
D) Astrophysics
- 12. Which equation describes the conservation of mass for fluid flow?
A) Navier-Stokes equation
B) Euler's equation
C) Bernoulli's equation
D) Continuity equation
- 13. What is the velocity of fluid molecules at the boundary layer near a solid surface?
A) Zero
B) Constant
C) Maximum
D) Infinite
- 14. Which phenomenon causes a sudden drop in pressure followed by a rapid increase in pressure in fluid flow?
A) Water hammer
B) Reynolds effect
C) Laminar flow
D) Fluid cavitation
- 15. What is the branch of hydrodynamics that deals with the study of waves?
A) Mechanical waves
B) Wave hydrodynamics
C) Heat conduction
D) Turbulent flow analysis
- 16. What type of flow is characterized by random fluctuations in velocity and pressure?
A) Steady flow
B) Turbulent flow
C) Laminar flow
D) Irrotational flow
- 17. What term describes the ratio of the velocity of an object to the speed of sound in the fluid through which the object is moving?
A) Reynolds number
B) Prandtl number
C) Froude number
D) Mach number
- 18. What is the product of the rock's wetted perimeter and hydraulic radius used to describe the resistance to flow in an open channel?
A) Friction slope
B) Specific energy
C) Flow rate
D) Hydraulic mean depth
- 19. Which force is responsible for the capillary rise of a liquid in a small-diameter tube?
A) Gravity
B) Buoyancy
C) Pressure
D) Surface tension
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