- 1. The Agricultural Science of Organic Farming is a comprehensive and holistic approach to agriculture that emphasizes ecological balance, sustainable practices, and the well-being of both the environment and the consumer. This method prioritizes the use of natural inputs and processes, such as composting, crop rotation, and biological pest control, over synthetic chemicals and fertilizers that can harm soil health and biodiversity. Organic farming aims to enhance soil fertility through the use of organic matter, promote biodiversity by fostering diverse ecosystems, and encourage the use of renewable resources. It also includes the principles of conservation, as organic farmers seek to protect water quality, reduce carbon footprints, and maintain the integrity of natural habitats. In addition to its environmental benefits, organic farming plays a vital role in social and economic aspects by supporting local economies, promoting fair trade principles, and ensuring food safety. As consumer awareness of health and sustainability continues to rise, the agricultural science of organic farming remains a crucial area of research and practice, providing innovative techniques and solutions for improving food production while maintaining ecological integrity.
What is the primary principle of organic farming?
A) Use genetically modified organisms
B) Avoid synthetic fertilizers and pesticides
C) Prioritize monoculture
D) Utilize chemical herbicides
- 2. Which of the following is a common organic fertilizer?
A) Urea
B) Compost
C) Ammonium nitrate
D) Superphosphate
- 3. Which certification is required for organic products in the USA?
A) Rainforest Alliance Certified
B) USDA Organic
C) Fair Trade Certified
D) Non-GMO Project Verified
- 4. What is 'companion planting'?
A) Planting different crops together for mutual benefit
B) Planting in rows only
C) Using plants to attract pests
D) Growing the same species together
- 5. Which soil component is crucial for healthy organic farming?
A) Clay content
B) Heavy metals
C) Silica
D) Organic matter
- 6. Which agency enforces organic standards in the USA?
A) CDC
B) FDA
C) USDA
D) EPA
- 7. Which insect is often considered beneficial in organic farming?
A) Termite
B) Ladybug
C) Fruit fly
D) Cockroach
- 8. What does agroecology emphasize?
A) Synthetic fertilizers
B) Industrial farming methods
C) Chemical pest control
D) Ecological principles in agriculture
- 9. Which of the following is not allowed in organic farming?
A) Organic compost
B) Synthetic pesticides
C) Biological pest controls
D) Natural herbicides
- 10. What does 'NOP' stand for in the context of organic farming?
A) Non-GMO Organization Protocol
B) Nutrient Optimization Plan
C) National Organic Program
D) Natural Operations Process
- 11. Which practice can help with soil health and structure?
A) No-till farming
B) Deep plowing
C) Frequent tilling
D) Using heavy machinery
- 12. Which planting method is often used to increase yields in organic farming?
A) Intercropping
B) Conventional monoculture
C) Sole cropping
D) Row cropping only
- 13. What is the significance of local biodiversity in organic agriculture?
A) Requires extensive chemical use
B) Favors uniform crop systems
C) Supports resilience and ecosystem health
D) Reduces pest populations artificially
- 14. Which crop is known for its role in nitrogen fixation?
A) Root vegetables
B) Fruits
C) Cereal grains
D) Legumes
- 15. What is 'integrated pest management' (IPM)?
A) Total reliance on biological control
B) Exclusively using chemical pesticides
C) Neglecting pest monitoring
D) Combining biological, cultural, and chemical methods
- 16. Which of the following is a challenge of organic farming?
A) Increased use of pesticides
B) Less flavorful produce
C) Unstable crop prices
D) Higher labor costs
- 17. What does permaculture aim to create?
A) Monoculture plantations
B) Fossil fuel dependency
C) Sustainable ecosystems
D) Synthetic environments
- 18. Which of the following plants is commonly used as a cover crop?
A) Wheat
B) Soybean
C) Clover
D) Corn
- 19. Which type of breeding is favored in organic farming?
A) Traditional breeding
B) Cloning
C) Genetic modification
D) Hybridization
- 20. What is a potential disadvantage of organic farming?
A) Dependence on fossil fuels
B) Higher pesticide residues
C) Reduced biodiversity
D) Lower yields
- 21. What is the goal of agroecology?
A) Complete reliance on technology
B) Sustainable agricultural systems
C) Maximizing short-term profits
D) Ignoring local ecosystems
- 22. Which practice improves soil health in organic farming?
A) Cover cropping.
B) Monocropping.
C) Excessive tillage.
D) Overgrazing.
- 23. Which nutrient is critical for healthy plant growth?
A) Arsenic.
B) Chlorine.
C) Fluoride.
D) Nitrogen.
- 24. What is the goal of organic pest management?
A) To increase pest population.
B) To ignore pest issues.
C) To minimize pest damage sustainably.
D) To eradicate all pests using chemicals.
- 25. How does organic farming impact water quality?
A) Enhances toxic algae growth.
B) Increases runoff of synthetic fertilizers.
C) Reduces pollution from chemicals.
D) Neglects water conservation.
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