- 1. Virology is the branch of science that focuses on the study of viruses and viral diseases. Viruses are small infectious agents that can only replicate inside living cells of other organisms. Virologists investigate the structure, classification, evolution, and interactions of viruses, as well as the mechanisms by which viruses cause disease in their hosts. Understanding virology is crucial in the development of treatments and vaccines for viral infections, and in preventing the spread of viral diseases. The field of virology is constantly evolving as new viruses emerge and existing viruses mutate, posing ongoing challenges to public health and medicine.
What is a virus?
A) A single-celled organism
B) A plant cell
C) A small infectious agent that replicates only inside the living cells of other organisms.
D) A type of bacteria
- 2. What is the protein coat surrounding the genetic material of a virus called?
A) Capsid
B) Glycoprotein
C) Envelope
D) Nucleocapsid
- 3. Which of the following is a method of viral entry into a host cell?
A) Endocytosis
B) Photosynthesis
C) Mitosis
D) Aerobic respiration
- 4. Which viral disease has been completely eradicated through vaccination?
A) Ebola virus
B) Smallpox
C) HIV/AIDS
D) Zika virus
- 5. Which type of genetic material is found in retroviruses?
A) Protein
B) DNA
C) RNA
D) Lipid
- 6. What is antigenic drift in viruses?
A) Sudden change in host specificity
B) Gradual accumulation of mutations in viral genes over time
C) Rapid mutation leading to new strains
D) Antibody production against viral proteins
- 7. What is the name of the enzyme that retroviruses use to convert RNA into DNA?
A) Reverse transcriptase
B) DNA polymerase
C) Ligase
D) RNA polymerase
- 8. Which of the following is a common symptom of viral infections?
A) High blood pressure
B) Broken bones
C) Fever
D) Yellowish skin
- 9. What is the outermost layer of some viruses that is composed of lipids and proteins?
A) Nucleocapsid
B) Capsid
C) Envelope
D) Spike protein
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