- 1. Biological refers to anything related to living organisms, their behavior, growth, structure, and the functions of their parts. It encompasses the study of life and living organisms, from the molecular level to entire ecosystems. Biological research investigates topics such as genetics, evolution, ecology, physiology, and anatomy. By understanding biological principles, scientists can gain insights into the complexities of life on Earth and develop solutions to various challenges in medicine, agriculture, and environmental conservation.
What is the study of living organisms called?
A) Biology
B) Physics
C) Chemistry
D) Astronomy
- 2. Which organelle is known as the powerhouse of the cell?
A) Endoplasmic reticulum
B) Nucleus
C) Lysosome
D) Mitochondria
- 3. What is the building block of all living things?
A) Cell
B) Atom
C) Molecule
D) Chromosome
- 4. Which gas do plants absorb during photosynthesis?
A) Oxygen
B) Nitrogen
C) Hydrogen
D) Carbon dioxide
- 5. Which system is responsible for transporting oxygen and nutrients in the body?
A) Nervous system
B) Respiratory system
C) Circulatory system
D) Digestive system
- 6. What green pigment is responsible for photosynthesis?
A) Melanin
B) Chlorophyll
C) Hemoglobin
D) Carotene
- 7. Which scientist proposed the theory of evolution by natural selection?
A) Charles Darwin
B) Gregor Mendel
C) Alexander Fleming
D) Louis Pasteur
- 8. What is the largest organ in the human body?
A) Brain
B) Heart
C) Liver
D) Skin
- 9. What is the basic unit of heredity?
A) Allele
B) DNA
C) Chromosome
D) Gene
- 10. Which type of cell division results in the production of gametes?
A) Mitosis
B) Binary fission
C) Budding
D) Meiosis
- 11. What is the process by which plants make their own food?
A) Respiration
B) Fermentation
C) Photosynthesis
D) Digestion
- 12. Which blood type is known as the universal recipient?
A) B
B) A
C) AB
D) O
- 13. What is the main function of red blood cells?
A) Produce antibodies
B) Transport oxygen
C) Clot blood
D) Fight infection
- 14. Which part of a plant anchors it in the soil and absorbs water and nutrients?
A) Roots
B) Flower
C) Leaves
D) Stem
- 15. The study of how traits are passed from parents to offspring is called?
A) Histology
B) Ecology
C) Immunology
D) Genetics
- 16. Which blood vessel carries blood back to the heart?
A) Vein
B) Lymphatic vessel
C) Capillary
D) Artery
- 17. What is the scientific term for the process of cell death?
A) Necrosis
B) Meiosis
C) Mitosis
D) Apoptosis
- 18. Which part of the brain controls voluntary movements and balance?
A) Cerebellum
B) Cerebrum
C) Brainstem
D) Hypothalamus
- 19. Which structure in a plant is the site of photosynthesis?
A) Cell wall
B) Nucleus
C) Vacuole
D) Chloroplast
- 20. Which type of cells can differentiate into any type of cell in the body?
A) Muscle cells
B) Nerve cells
C) Skin cells
D) Stem cells
- 21. What is the term for the chemical reactions that occur in living organisms to maintain life?
A) Anabolism
B) Metabolism
C) Homeostasis
D) Catabolism
- 22. Which structure in a plant is responsible for transporting water and nutrients?
A) Xylem
B) Stamen
C) Phloem
D) Sepal
- 23. What is the process of breaking down food into simpler substances the body can use?
A) Circulation
B) Excretion
C) Respiration
D) Digestion
- 24. Which hormone is known as the 'fight or flight' hormone?
A) Insulin
B) Estrogen
C) Adrenaline
D) Melatonin
- 25. What is the term for the maintenance of a stable internal environment in an organism?
A) Feedback
B) Equilibrium
C) Stasis
D) Homeostasis
- 26. What is the molecule that carries genetic information in living organisms?
A) RNA
B) Lipid
C) Protein
D) DNA
- 27. Which scientist is known as the 'Father of Modern Genetics'?
A) Alexander Fleming
B) Charles Darwin
C) Gregor Mendel
D) Louis Pasteur
- 28. What is the process by which organisms produce offspring?
A) Growth
B) Homeostasis
C) Metabolism
D) Reproduction
- 29. What is the term for the variety of life on Earth?
A) Ecology
B) Biodiversity
C) Evolution
D) Genetics
- 30. What is the process by which cells use oxygen to produce energy?
A) Photosynthesis
B) Cellular respiration
C) Fermentation
D) Mitosis
- 31. What is the term for the total amount of living tissue within a given trophic level?
A) Biodiversity
B) Ecosystem
C) Biomass
D) Habitat
- 32. What is the process by which cells reproduce by dividing into two identical daughter cells?
A) Mitosis
B) Apoptosis
C) Fertilization
D) Meiosis
- 33. What is the study of the interactions between living organisms and their environment called?
A) Biology
B) Ecology
C) Physiology
D) Genetics
- 34. Which of the following structures is responsible for storing genetic information in eukaryotic cells?
A) Lysosome
B) Nucleus
C) Ribosome
D) Mitochondria
- 35. Which type of muscle is involuntary and found in organs like the stomach?
A) Smooth muscle
B) Striated muscle
C) Cardiac muscle
D) Skeletal muscle
- 36. What is the longest bone in the human body?
A) Radius
B) Humerus
C) Femur
D) Fibula
- 37. Which of the following is a neurotransmitter that plays a role in mood regulation?
A) Serotonin
B) Endorphin
C) Dopamine
D) Adrenaline
- 38. What is the name of the process by which plants release water vapor through pores in their leaves?
A) Germination
B) Transpiration
C) Photosynthesis
D) Pollination
- 39. What is the role of ribosomes within a cell?
A) Protein synthesis
B) Cell division
C) Energy production
D) Waste removal
A) The study of rocks.
B) The study of languages.
C) The study of living organisms.
D) The study of stars.
- 41. What does DNA stand for?
A) Direct neurotransmitter activation
B) Dihydrogen monoxide
C) Deoxyribonucleic acid
D) Digital nerve amplifier
- 42. Which scientist discovered penicillin?
A) Thomas Edison
B) Alexander Fleming
C) Galileo Galilei
D) Marie Curie
- 43. What type of blood vessels carry blood away from the heart?
A) Capillaries
B) Venules
C) Veins
D) Arteries
- 44. What is the term for the changing of a caterpillar into a butterfly?
A) Evolution
B) Metamorphosis
C) Regeneration
D) Mutation
- 45. Which scientist proposed the theory of spontaneous generation?
A) Louis Pasteur
B) Aristotle
C) Hippocrates
D) Galen
- 46. What type of genetic disorder results from an extra copy of chromosome 21?
A) Cystic fibrosis
B) Down syndrome
C) Hemophilia
D) Sickle cell anemia
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