- 1. The Austro-Hungarian Empire, a prominent political entity in Central Europe, emerged in 1867 and lasted until its dissolution in 1918. This dual monarchy was characterized by its complex socio-political structure, encompassing a diverse array of ethnicities, languages, and cultures, including Austrians, Hungarians, Czechs, Slovaks, Croats, Serbs, and many others. Initially, the empire thrived economically and culturally during the late 19th century, becoming a center for the arts, science, and education while experiencing technological advancements and industrial growth. However, underlying tensions among its various ethnic groups, fueled by nationalist aspirations and the struggle for autonomy, began to challenge the political cohesion of the empire. The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand in 1914 acted as the immediate catalyst for World War I, drawing the empire into a devastating conflict that would ultimately test its stability. The war exacerbated ethnic rivalries and economic strains, leading to significant losses on the battlefield and creating a sense of despair among its populace. As the conflict progressed, internal dissent grew, leading to widespread protests and calls for independence from various nationalities within the empire. By the war's end in 1918, the Austro-Hungarian Empire collapsed, resulting in the signing of the Treaty of Saint-Germain and the Treaty of Trianon, which redrew the political map of Central Europe and formed new nation-states. This marked not only the fall of a once-powerful empire but also sparked the rise of national identities that continue to shape the region's political landscape to this day.
What year was the Austro-Hungarian Empire established?
A) 1848
B) 1871
C) 1900
D) 1867
- 2. Which two regions formed the dual monarchy of Austro-Hungary?
A) Hungary and Croatia
B) Austria and Slovenia
C) Austria and Bohemia
D) Austria and Hungary
- 3. Which event is often cited as a catalyst for the outbreak of World War I?
A) The invasion of Belgium
B) Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand
C) The sinking of the Lusitania
D) The Russian Revolution
- 4. Which city served as the capital of the Austro-Hungarian Empire?
A) Vienna
B) Prague
C) Budapest
D) Zagreb
- 5. What was the name of the agreement that created the dual monarchy?
A) Entente
B) Ausgleich
C) Treaty of Versailles
D) Treaty of Trianon
- 6. Which territory did Austria-Hungary annex in 1908, causing international tension?
A) Transylvania
B) Croatia
C) Galicia
D) Bosnia and Herzegovina
- 7. Who was the last Emperor of Austro-Hungary?
A) Leopold I
B) Franz Joseph II
C) Karl I
D) Franz Ferdinand
- 8. What ideology gained popularity in the empire leading to its decline?
A) Nationalism
B) Liberalism
C) Socialism
D) Fascism
- 9. Which war led to the significant weakening of Austro-Hungary?
A) Balkan Wars
B) World War I
C) World War II
D) Franco-Prussian War
- 10. Which battle marked a successful defensive campaign for Austro-Hungary in 1914?
A) Battle of Verdun
B) Battle of the Marne
C) Battle of Galicia
D) Battle of Tannenberg
- 11. What major event did the empire face in 1866?
A) Balkan Wars
B) Russo-Turkish War
C) Franco-Prussian War
D) Austro-Prussian War
- 12. What was the main religious affiliation in the Austro-Hungarian Empire?
A) Protestantism
B) Roman Catholicism
C) Islam
D) Orthodox Christianity
- 13. What event marked the beginning of the Austro-Hungarian Empire?
A) The Austro-Hungarian Compromise
B) The Congress of Vienna
C) The Treaty of Versailles
D) The Balkan Wars
- 14. What year did World War I begin?
A) 1912
B) 1918
C) 1916
D) 1914
- 15. Which empire was a primary rival of the Austro-Hungarian Empire in the Balkans?
A) British Empire
B) Russian Empire
C) German Empire
D) Ottoman Empire
- 16. What was one of the primary languages of administration in the Austro-Hungarian Empire?
A) Italian
B) Hungarian
C) Czech
D) German
- 17. What was a significant internal issue for the Austro-Hungarian Empire?
A) Economic stability
B) Lack of military power
C) Ethnic tensions
D) Overpopulation
- 18. Which empire significantly influenced Austro-Hungarian politics during the 19th century?
A) Russian Empire
B) British Empire
C) Ottoman Empire
D) German Empire
- 19. What type of government was established in Hungary after the fall of the Austro-Hungarian Empire?
A) Republic
B) Theocracy
C) Dictatorship
D) Monarchy
- 20. Which social movement gained momentum in the later years of the Austro-Hungarian Empire?
A) Traditionalism
B) Feudalism
C) Socialism
D) Liberalism
- 21. What was the primary cause of discontent among the various nationalities within the empire?
A) Colonial aspirations
B) Strong central government
C) Economic prosperity
D) Desire for self-determination
- 22. In what year was the Austro-Hungarian Empire formally abolished?
A) 1920
B) 1918
C) 1914
D) 1910
- 23. Which significant rebellion occurred in Hungary in 1848?
A) Czech Rebellion
B) Slovak Uprising
C) Polish Insurrection
D) Hungarian Revolution
- 24. Where did the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand take place?
A) Vienna
B) Belgrade
C) Sarajevo
D) Zagreb
- 25. What were the 'Compromise' agreements of 1867 primarily about?
A) Ending the war
B) Redistributing land
C) Securing peace treaties
D) Establishing the dual monarchy
- 26. What type of government did the Austro-Hungarian Empire have?
A) Feudal system
B) Republic
C) Dictatorship
D) Monarchy
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