- 1. Janiris put an ice cube in a jar with a lid, and then placed the jar on a scale. The jar and the ice cube had a mass of 3 units as shown in Diagram A. Shequilla came back one hour later and the ice cube had melted, as shown in Diagram B. What would be the mass of the jar and melted ice cube?
A) 3 units
B) 0 units
C) 4 units
D) 2 units
- 2. Colin filled an ice tray nearly full with water. When he took the tray out of the freezer, the ice extended above the top of the tray. He wondered if there had been a change in the amount of substance in the tray. Which is the BEST measure to find any change in the amount of substance in the ice tray?
A) density
B) volume
C) area
D) mass
- 3. During an experiment, a flask and its contents had a mass of 120 grams before the experiment and a mass of 120 grams after the experiment. Which conclusion can BEST be made from these measurements?
A) mass was conserved
B) new elements were formed
C) energy was destroyed
D) a phase change took place
- 4. Melanie poured 100 mL of two different clear solutions into two separate beakers. The start mass of the beakers, substances, and spoon measured on an electronic scale was 377.7g. Melanie poured the contents of one beaker into the other and stirred the mixture. She observed a white solid forming and settling to the bottom of the beaker. The end mass of all of the items was 377.8g and the uncertainty of the mass scale was 0.2g. What can Melanie conclude about her experiment?
A) The mass stayed the same because the change in mass is less than the uncertainity of the scale.
B) The mass increased because a chemical reaction occured
C) The mass increased because a white solid formed in the beaker.
D) The mass stayed the same because a white solid appeared
- 5. You have a 500 g bar of chocolate that you chop up to make chocolate chunk cookies. After chopping the bar up into smaller pieces back on the scale. What would be the measurement of the pieces?
A) 500 g
B) less than 500 g
C) it is impossible to know
D) more than 500 g
- 6. Joshua measured the mass of a beaker of baking soda and a beaker of vinegar. The start mass of the beakers and the substances were 50 grams. Joshua poured the contents of one beaker into the other and the two chemicals immediatelybegan to react, releasing bubbles. Once the chemical reaction finished, Joshua again measured the mass of the substance and the beakers. The end mas of the beakers and substance was 45 grams. WHich of the following best explains why the mass changed.
A) The volume of the chemicals changed during the reaction, causing a change in mass
B) A gas was produced and released, causing a decrease in mass
C) The mass decreased because the solid baking soda dissolved in the liquid vinegar
D) The denisty of the substances changed as they were mixed together
- 7. Matter can undergo physical and chemical changes. A physical change is a change of matter from one form to another without a change in chemical properties. Which process is an example of a physical change?
A) wood burning
B) metal rusting
C) ice melting
D) milk souring
- 8. Pablo is making a solution. He puts 1 g of sugar into 1 L of water. Which kind of change takes place when Pablo mixes the sugar and the water?
A) a chemical change
B) a physical change
C) an energy change
D) a thermal change
- 9. There are several differences between chemical and physical changes. Which statement is true of a chemical change, but not true of a physical change?
A) A chemical change can separate a mixture into its components.
B) A chemical change can produce warmth.
C) A chemical change can be easily changed back.
D) A chemical change can combine substances without altering them.
- 10. A chemical change of matter takes place when one or more substances change into entirely new substances with different properties. Although physical changes affect the appearance of a substance, chemical changes affect its composition. Which process indicates that a chemical change is taking place?
A) A lake freezes over into ice.
B) Sand, water, and salt combine to form a mixture.
C) Vinegar bubbles when baking soda is added.
D) A metal bar is rolled into a flat sheet.
- 11. All matter has both physical and chemical properties. A physical property is one that does not change the chemical nature of matter. Which of these choices is a physical property?
A) flammability
B) reaction with water
C) solubility
D) ability to rust
- 12. Matter has two basic properties: physical properties and chemical properties. Which of these statements best describes physical properties?
A) Physical properties are observed by seeing how a substance reacts with other substances.
B) Physical properties can be observed without changing the identity of a substance.
C) Physical properties behave identically for all matter under the same conditions.
D) Physical properties cause atoms and molecules to change structure when substances are mixed.
- 13. A chemical property is one that describes how matter can change its chemical nature. Which of these choices describes a chemical property?
A) electrical conductivity—the ability to conduct electricity
B) flammability—the ability to burn
C) solubility —the ability to dissolve in a liquid
D) malleability—the ability to change shape under pressure
- 14. All substances have properties we can use to identify them. Properties of matter are either physical properties or chemical properties. Which of these statements is true for chemical properties?
A) Chemical properties describe the state in which the substance exists.
B) Chemical properties explain how dense an object is.
C) Chemical properties include measurements of an object’s mass.
D) Chemical properties explain how the substance reacts with other substances.
- 15. Jennifer is comparing the substances and hot water inside a ceramic cup, and the water vapor above the cup. What can she say about the motion of the particles in all of the substances?
A) They move very fast in all directions.
B) They move past each other slowly.
C) They do not move.
D) They are always moving.
- 16. Sarah notices water droplets on the grass in the morning. It did not rain during the night. How can the water particles in the air form water droplets on the grass during the night?
A) Energy was taken away from the water particles, allowing them to move closer together.
B) Energy was taken away from the water particles, allowing them to move farther apart.
C) Energy was added to the water particles, causing them to move farther apart.
D) Energy was added to the water particles, causing attraction that makes them move closer together.
- 17. Freezing temperatures can destroy citrus crops. Citrus growers sometimes spray water on the fruit to protect it from freezing. How can spraying the trees with water protect the fruit?
A) The temperature of the water will change as it freezes.
B) The water releases energy to its surroundings as it freezes.
C) The temperature of ice will not be less than the freezing point.
D) The water takes in energy from its surroundings as it freezes.
- 18. Cristina wants to make some toast for breakfast. She puts a slice of bread in a toaster. After 3 minutes, Cristina notices the sides of the bread are black. What has happened?
A) The bread has undergone a change of state.
B) New substances have formed as the result of a chemical change.
C) The bread has undergone a change of density.
D) Some of the matter in the bread was destroyed.
- 19. Angel and Natalie are trying to classify several objects that they found during a field trip to the beach. They collected a sample of seawater, a piece of driftwood, and several smooth pebbles. What property does the driftwood share with the pebbles that it does not share with the seawater?
A) Its volume will change in different containers.
B) Its particles vibrate, but are locked in place.
C) Its particles move freely in all directions.
D) Its volume does not depend on its container
- 20. Mary mixes crushed ice into a glass of cold water. She puts the glass onto the kitchen counter. Then she measures the temperature of the ice water and finds that it is -2OC. What should she expect to happen to the temperature of the ice water after it reaches 0OC?
A) it will keep decreasing until all of the liquid freezes.
B) It will stay at 0OC.
C) it will stay at 0OC until all of the liquid freezes.
D) It will keep increasing until all the ice melts.
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