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Homeostasis & Systems Quiz
供稿人: Jennings
(原作者: Warren)
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Complete the following words:
Human Body Systems
Res
M

N

En
In
Biggest:
Smallest:
Organization of the Human Body
Organ Systems
?
Organism
?
Tissues
?
Organs
?
Cells
?

Homeostasis

Homeostasis is how the body keeps conditions inside itself the same. Scientists describe it as the maintenance of a constant internal environment.

 

Some examples of things that our body's keep the same are:

  • body temperature at 37°C
  • oxygen levels in our blood
  • salts levels in our blood
  • the amount of water inside our body

Keeping these the same is not always easy or simple when the outside environment is

changing constantly. But it is important so that all our cells function properly.

 

Strenuous exercise, or living in a hot or cold environment, affect our oxygen levels,

body temperature, water and salts balance.

First:
Second:
Third:
Result:
HOW does our body keep the levels balanced???
e.g.
e.g.
e.g.

- we need effectors to produce a response that ensures

our body's levels will return to normal

?

- we need receptors (nerves) to detect when variables

are changing!

?

Our body temperature is mostly unchanging and safe :)))

?

- we need a processing centre to receive this information

and coordinate our response (reaction).

?

In an incubator: The computer switches the heater on or off!

?

In an incubator: A computer or processing centre monitors and

processes the data from the sensors and decides what to do next!

?
An incubator needs thermal sensors to monitor the temperature...
?

Environment

stimulus:

Blood sugar!

high blood

sugar

low blood

sugar

Homeostasis
?
Result:

receptors in the

pancreas detect too

little glucose

?

receptors in the

pancreas detect too

much glucose in

the blood!

?

What

happens?

is the function of keeping the body

stable in the internal environment.

Blood sugar (glucose) levels return to normal!
?

Body

Reaction:

produce more

glucagon

& less insulin

?

produce

insulin

?
How it helps:

all cells

absorb more

glucose

from the blood
?

liver excretes

more glucose

into the blood

?

Environment

stimulus:

Temperature!

Homeostasis
?

cold

hot
Result:

is the function of keeping the body

stable in the external environment.

skin hairs stand up

Our body's

Reaction:

Body temperature returns to normal ( ≈ 37oC )
?
sweating
?
shivering
?

keeps a layer of warm air

next to the skin

- acts as an insulator
?
How it helps:

produces

heat

?
cools off
?

BLOOD

FLOW

MUSCLES
HAIRS
SWEAT

Blood flow in capillaries decreases.

Heat is kept in the body's core.

?
Hair muscles pull hairs on end.

Erect hairs trap air.

?

Shivering - muscles contract

and release rapidly.

?
No sweating.
TOO COLD
?
ENVIRONMENT STIMULUS

Blood flow in capillaries increases

(so more heat can be released at

the skin surface).

?

Sweat secreted by sweat glands.

Cools skin by evaporation.

?

Hair muscles relax.

Hairs lie flat so heat can escape.

?
TOO HOT
?
No shivering

Environment

stimulus:

Water levels

in our blood!

too much

water

too little

water

Homeostasis
?
Result:

hypothalmus detects

too little water

in our blood!

?

hypothalmus detects

too much water in

our blood!

?

What

happens?

is the function of keeping the body

stable in the internal environment.

Blood water levels return to normal
?

Body

Reaction:

pituitary gland

releases less

ADH.

?

pituitary gland

releases more

ADH.

?

kidneys extract

water from our

blood and send it

to our bladder

(urine is  less yellow!!).

?

kidneys keep water

and send it back into

blood circulation

(urine is more yellow!!).

?
How it helps:
connective
?
epithelial
?
muscular
?

nervous

?
4 Types of Tissue
directs & controls body

contracts & shortens

to move the body

provides support

covers inside & outside

surfaces of the body

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