- 1. When did the Ottomans take Constantinople?
A) 1520
B) 1453
C) 1325
D) 1600
- 2. Which Ottoman Sultan conquered Constantinople?
A) Osman I
B) Mehmed II
C) Murad I
D) Suleiman the Magnificent
- 3. The fall of Constantinople marked the end of which empire?
A) Byzantine Empire
B) Ottoman Empire
C) Roman Empire
D) Persian Empire
- 4. What was the name of the last Byzantine Emperor who died defending Constantinople?
A) Theodosius II
B) Constantine XI
C) Justinian I
D) Alexander VII
- 5. After the fall of Constantinople, what was the city renamed to?
A) Nicaea
B) Nova Roma
C) Byzantion
D) Istanbul
- 6. The fall of Constantinople had a significant impact on the trade routes to which continent?
A) Australia
B) Asia
C) Europe
D) Africa
- 7. What was the strategic significance of Constantinople for the Byzantine Empire?
A) Religious pilgrimage site
B) Agricultural heartland
C) Military training center
D) Control over trade routes
- 8. Which emperor commissioned the construction of the Theodosian Walls to protect Constantinople?
A) Justinian I
B) Constantine XI
C) Basil II
D) Theodosius II
- 9. Which famous Ottoman architect supervised the construction of mosques in Constantinople after its conquest?
A) Mimar Sinan
B) Mimar Hayreddin
C) Sedefkar Mehmed Agha
D) Mimar Kemaleddin
- 10. During the siege, what tactic did the Ottomans use to move their ships overland to bypass the chain blocking the harbor?
A) Greased logs
B) Tunnels
C) Hot air balloons
D) Floating pontoons
- 11. Which ancient historian foresaw the fall of Constantinople due to its weakening defenses?
A) Plutarch
B) Procopius
C) Herodotus
D) Thucydides
- 12. What was the primary language of administration in Constantinople during the Byzantine Empire?
A) Greek
B) Turkish
C) Latin
D) Arabic
- 13. Which group of Christian converts to Islam played a key role in the Ottoman victory during the siege of Constantinople?
A) Varangians
B) Mamluks
C) Sipahis
D) Janissaries
- 14. What famous ancient structure in Constantinople was converted into a mosque after the Ottoman conquest?
A) Pantheon
B) Colosseum
C) The Parthenon
D) Hagia Sophia
- 15. Which European power failed to provide adequate military support to the Byzantines during the siege of Constantinople in 1453?
A) Genoa
B) France
C) Spain
D) Venice
- 16. What event is often considered the conclusion of the Middle Ages with the fall of Constantinople?
A) Protestant Reformation
B) Age of Discovery
C) Renaissance
D) Industrial Revolution
- 17. Which Christian religious relic was believed to have been moved from Constantinople after the city's conquest by the Ottomans?
A) Ark of the Covenant
B) Holy Grail
C) Spear of Destiny
D) Shroud of Turin
- 18. Which famous Italian explorer and merchant witnessed the fall of Constantinople in 1453?
A) Christopher Columbus
B) Niccolò da Conti
C) Amerigo Vespucci
D) Marco Polo
- 19. In the aftermath of the fall of Constantinople, which European power sponsored expeditions to find new trading routes to Asia?
A) Denmark
B) Poland
C) England
D) Portugal
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